白菜型油菜(B.Chinensis)与海甘蓝(Cram beabyssinica)属间杂种的细胞学观察  

Cytological Observation on Intergeneric Hybrid between Brassica. Chinensis and Crambe abyssinica

作　　者：汤天泽[1] 牛应泽[1] 税红霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学油菜研究中心

出　　处：《遗传》2006年第2期189-194,共6页Hereditas（Beijing)

摘　　要：白菜型油菜与海甘蓝属间杂种F1代染色体数目早期为2n=55。经多代组培无性繁殖后,杂种染色体大量减少,数目变化于25～28条间,平均为26条。杂种PMC减数分裂中,平均配对构型为0.06Ⅲ+11.26Ⅱ+3.80Ⅰ,二价体数目变化于8～13之间,以10Ⅱ、11Ⅱ、12Ⅱ的细胞出现频率较高,分别为26.60%,23.91%和30.98%,单价体数目变化于0～8个之间。杂种染色体数目减少,二价体个数较高,这说明海甘蓝染色体在大量丢失的同时,白菜型油菜的染色体组发生了自然加倍。在后期Ⅱ观察到三分体、染色体落后、染色体桥等异常现象。The intergeneric hybrid from a cross between Brassica Chinensis and Crambe abyssinica was observed with 2n= 55 chromosomes in the original progenies. After several generations of in-vitro propagation by tissue culture, the chromosomes of the intergeneric hybrid were remarkably reduced, varying from 25 to 28, averaged at 26. In meiosis of the PMC of the hybrid, the average configuration of chromosome paring was 0.06 Ⅲ ＋ 11.26 Ⅱ ＋ 3.80 Ⅰ. The number of bivalents varied from 8 to 13. The majority of PMC cells showed 10 Ⅱ, 11 Ⅱ and 12 Ⅱ bivalents with frequen- cies of 24.58%, 23.91% and 30.98% respectively. The number of univalents varied from 0 to 8. The reduction of chromosomes in the hybrid and the high numbers of bivalents were possibly due to the chromosome of Crombe abyssin- ica eliminating and the genome of Brassica Chinensis doubling in the hybrid cells. Triade cells, chromosome lagging, and chromosome bridges were observed in anaphaseⅡ .

关 键 词：白菜型油菜 海甘蓝 属间杂种 细胞学 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学] S565.4