机构地区:[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园
出 处:《植物生态学报》2006年第1期132-139,共8页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
基 金:国家自然科学基金项目(30170160)
摘 要:该研究选用的3种舞花姜属植物中,毛舞花姜(Globba barthei)和双翅舞花姜(G.schomburgkii)自然条件下开花不结实,以珠芽进行繁殖;异果舞花姜(G.racemosa)则同时以种子和珠芽进行繁殖。在人工栽培条件下,高养分处理显著增加毛舞花姜的珠芽干重((1.11±0.10)g vs.(3.08±0.69)g,p=0.0107)、珠芽数量((30.58±2.92)vs.(74.74±9.73),p=0.0004)、珠芽大小((10.5±1.48)mg vs.(53.50±11.42)mg,p=0.0015)、植株营养体重((3.99±0.23)g vs.(9.67±1.17)g,p=0.0002)和双翅舞花姜的珠芽数量((51.74±3.64)vs.(108.71±21.52),p=0.0181)。不同养分条件下两种舞花姜的开花数量无显著差异。人工去除珠芽、花对两种舞花姜植株当年生花和珠芽的数量无显著影响(p<0.05)。自然条件下异果舞花姜不同居群间珠芽大小、珠芽数、珠芽重、果实重、种子数和营养体重等均存在极显著差异(p<0.001)。异果舞花姜各居群植株珠芽数和营养体重(r=0.901,p<0.05)、珠芽重和珠芽大小(r=0.849,p<0.05)呈显著正相关;果实重和种子数(r=0.998,p<0.05)呈显著正相关。土壤因子主成分分析表明前3个主成分提供的信息量分别为50.575%、18.204%和11.883%,其中第一主成分中的全氮(0.959)、速效氮(0.885)和有机质(0.821)负荷量最大,第二主成分中土壤速效磷(0.824)负荷量最大。植株营养体重和土壤速效磷极显著正相关(r=0.906,p<0.01),珠芽大小与全氮(r=0.798)、速效氮(r=0.780)和有机质(r=0.821)均呈显著正相关(p<0.05)。果实重和种子数与土壤因子相关性不显著(p<0.05)。3种舞花姜的无性繁殖器官更易受到养分供应的影响,有性繁殖器官对养分供应变化响应不显著,有性和无性繁殖之间似不存在补偿关系。Among the three Globba species in this study, Globba barthei and G. schomburgkii propagated only by bulbils and with no seed set while G. racemosa propagated by both seeds and bulbils under natural conditions. The aim of this study was to understand the effect of nutrition supply on the relative levels of sexual and asexual reproduction of these three species in both natural and artificial conditions and to determine whether there is compensatory mechanism that enhances sexual reproduction when asexual reproduction is constrained and vise versa. For G. barthei and G. schomburgkii, young seedlings propagated by bulbils were planted in flowerpots (30 cm in diameter) and placed under a rain and insect proof greenhouse in XTBG. The soil medium in the flowerpots was composed of forest soil (2), coarse sand (2), peat (2) and scattered brick ( 1 ). Treatments in the experiment included: 1 ) high-level fertilizer supply consisted of 150 ml per pot of a 5% mixed fertilizer (N :P:K= 15:15:15) once every two weeks; 2) high-level fertilizer supply (same as treatment (1)) plus removal of flowers buds everyday; 3) high-level fertilizer supply (same as treatment (1) ) plus removal of bulbils once a week; 4) low-level fertilizer supply (only water supplied) 5) low-level fertilizer plus removal of flower buds everyday; 6) low-level fertilizer plus removal of bulbils once a week. The results showed that 1) high-level fertilizer supply significantly increased bulbil dry weight ((1.11 ±0.10) g vs. (3.08 ±0.69) g, p = 0.010 7), bulbil number ((30.58 ± 2.92) vs. (74.74 ± 9.73), p = 0.000 4), bulbil size ((10.5 ± 1.48) nag vs. (53.50± 11.42) nag, p =0.001 5) and vegetative organ dry weight ((3.99±0.23) g vs. (9.67± 1.17) g, p = 0.000 2) of G. barthei and the bulbil number ((51.74±3.64) vs. (108.71 ±21.52) ,p = 0.018 1) of G. schomburgkii; 2) different levels of fertilizer supply did not significa
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