新疆南部棉区棉铃虫发生趋势及Bt棉花的控制效率  

Trend of Occurrence of Cotton Bollworm and Control Efficacy of Bt Cotton in Cotton Planting Region of Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：李号宾[1] 吴孔明[1] 杨秀荣[2] 徐遥[2] 姚举[2] 汪飞[2] 马祁[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100094 [2]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2006年第1期199-205,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关计划课题(2004BA509B05和2001BA507A-04-05)

摘　　要：目的新疆南部棉花种植区已发展成为中国棉花产业的重要基地。作为棉花生产的重要影响因素,棉铃虫具有在新疆南部猖獗危害的生物学基础。方法本文报道了南疆棉铃虫发生趋势及转Bt基因抗虫棉对棉铃虫控制效率的研究结果。结果1993～2004年对麦田一代棉铃虫幼虫数量变化的监测显示,1997年后棉铃虫的发生危害逐年上升,表明南疆粮棉混作区种植制度的改革已导致棉铃虫成为农业生产的重要害虫。2002～2004年对抗虫棉GK19(表达Cry1A杀虫蛋白)、SGK321(表达Cry1A和CpTI杀虫蛋白)和对照品种棉铃虫种群动态的研究显示,二代棉铃虫是南疆地区棉花的主要危害代别,抗虫棉花对幼虫的控制效率可达75%以上。在棉铃虫发生中等年份,转基因抗虫棉花可有效地控制棉铃虫的危害。结论鉴于棉铃虫的严重危害,南疆地区有必要发展基于Bt棉花的棉花害虫综合防治技术。[ Objective ] Cotton planting region in southern Xinjiang has become one of the most important regions for China＇s cotton production. As a major negative factor in cotton industry, cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, possesses a biological potential to outbreak in this region. [Method] The current research results on trend of occurrence of H. armigera and control efficacy of Bt cotton in southern Xinjiang are reported. [Result] The monitoring on population density of the posts in wheat field from 1993 to 2004 indicated that as the regulation of cotton-corn planting system in southern Xinjiang, the occurrence and damage of H. armigera increased year by year after 1997, and it has become a main pest in agriculture in comparison with old system containing a small proportion of cotton. The field trials on population dynamics of cotton bollworm on GM cotton varieties expressing CrylA toxin and Cry1A/CpTI, and their parental varieties during 2002-2004 showed that the second generation bollworm mainly injure cotton, and the control efficacies from both GM cotton varieties were more than 75%. It is suggested that the Bt cotton could effectively control damages caused by cotton bollworm in the moderate outbreak year. [Conclusion] In view of the severe damage of cotton bollworm, it is necessary to develop a cotton IPM system based on the application of GM cotton varieties in southern Xinjiang.

关 键 词：棉铃虫 种群动态 BT棉花 新疆 

分 类 号：S435.62[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]