西双版纳野生亚洲象的觅食行为  

Foraging behavior of Asian elephants in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan,China

作　　者：国艳莉[1] 张立[1] 董永华[2] 

机构地区：[1]教育部生物多样性与生态工程重点实验室北京师范大学生态研究所,北京100875 [2]云南西双版纳国家级自然保护区管理局科研所,景洪666100

出　　处：《兽类学报》2006年第1期54-58,共5页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：美国内政部鱼和野生动物管理局亚洲象保护基金资助项目;国际爱护动物基金会亚洲象项目资助(010-600022028)

摘　　要：以西双版纳勐养自然保护区的野象谷为基本监测点,通过定点摄像观察和跟踪观察,采用全事件取样、焦点动物取样和扫描取样相结合的方法,从2003年8月到2004年7月对三岔河地区野生亚洲象的觅食行为进行初步研究。发现野生亚洲象的雌性成体和未成年个体选择集群采食,而成年雄象一般单独采食,亚洲象在昼夜间的采食行为没有显著性差异,且有多种采食方式;采食农作物主要在夜间进行。亚洲象对主要采食地点采取循环利用的方式,这既提高了食物的数量和质量,又有利于热带雨林生态系统的更新与演化。We observed foraging behavior of wild Asian elephants at Wild Elephant Valley, Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province between August 2003 and July 2004 using video tracking, direct observation and photographic studies. We used all-occurrence sampling, focal sampling and scan sampling. Females and their offspring foraged in groups, whereas adult males foraged alone during both daytime and nighttime. Seasonal movements associated with foraging responded to seasonal changes of food availability. Asian elephants foraged in a circuitous pattern within the forests, which serves to greatly improve the quantity and quality of the food in their wild habitat, as well as benefit the development of the tropical rain forest ecosystem.

关 键 词：亚洲象 觅食行为 西双版纳 自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]