基于淤地坝建设的黄河中游泥沙粒径变化分析  

Analysis on Warping Dam Construction-Based Sediment Grain Size Variation in the Middle Yellow River

作　　者：冉大川[1] 郭宝群[2] 马勇[3] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院 [2]黄河水利委员会水文局,河南郑州450004 [3]黄河水利委员会天水水土保持科学试验站,甘肃天水741000

出　　处：《人民黄河》2005年第11期28-30,共3页Yellow River

摘　　要：以黄河中游河口镇—龙门区间及四条典型支流——皇甫川、窟野河、无定河和三川河为研究对象,通过分析实施淤地坝等水土保持措施前后泥沙粒径的变化,认为①自20世纪70年代以来,河龙区间粗泥沙占比(粗泥沙量占年输沙量的比例)、淤地坝减沙量和拦减粗泥沙量均呈下降趋势,淤地坝拦减粗泥沙量的时效性较为明显;②实施水土保持综合治理后,皇甫川、无定河、三川河流域泥沙中值粒径和平均粒径均有细化的趋势;③黄河中游绝大部分流域泥沙中值粒径和平均粒径同时变小,泥沙明显变细;④淤地坝等水土保持综合治理措施不仅具有减沙作用,而且还具有明显的“拦粗排细”作用。鉴于此,减少黄河粗泥沙的重点支流应首选窟野河和皇甫川。The paper takes Hekouzhen-Longmen reach on the middle Yellow River and four major typical tributaries of Huangpuchuan, Kuye, Wuding and Sanchuan rivers as an object of study and obtains that a) the proportion of coarse sediment making up the annual sediment discharge, sediment reduction of warping dams and coarse sediment retaining and reduction of the He-Long reach are in the trend of decrease and the time effectiveness of coarse sediment retained and decreased by warping dams is more remarkable since 1970’s; b) the median diameter and mean grain size of sediment of Huangpuchuan, Wuding and Sanchuan river basins are in the trend of fineness after comprehensive management of soil and water conservation; c) the median diameter and mean grain size of sediment of the majority area on the middle Yellow River become smaller and finer at the same time and; d) the comprehensive measures for soil and water conservation including warping dams have not only the functions of sediment reduction, but also the remarkable function of “retaining coarse sediment and discharging the fine” through analyzing the variations of grain size with and without soil and water conservation measures. Thus, the tributaries of Kuye and Huangpuchuan should be firstly selected for reducing coarse sediment of the Yellow River.

关 键 词：淤地坝 粗泥沙 粒径 河龙区间 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]