分子生态学方法在微生物肥料质量监测中的应用  

The Use of Molecular Ecological Methods in the Quality Control of Biofertilizers

作　　者：李武[1] 王凌华[1] 赵勇[2] 张晓君[1] 潘迎捷[3] 赵立平[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学生命科学技术学院微生物分子生态学与生态基因组学实验室,上海200240 [2]南京农业大学微生物学系,南京210095 [3]上海水产大学,上海200090

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2006年第1期53-58,共6页Microbiology China

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(No.2002-4-4-2)

摘　　要：应用PCR—DGGE技术对某微生物肥料的质量进行了跟踪监测，并结合分离培养和克隆文库分析对其菌种组成进行了检测。结果表明，同一生产批次3个不同包装样品的细菌和真菌DGGE（denaturing gradient gel eleetrophoresis）图谱相似性为80％-100％，3个不同生产批次之间DGGE图谱相似性为80％-88％，表明该微生物肥料的菌种组成的稳定性较好。但分离培养和克隆文库分析结果显示样品的菌种组成与产品标签说明之间存在较大差异。对于产品标注的6种微生物组成，只有Lactobacillus属的微生物可与之对应，其他检测到的Bacillus、Monascus、Brevibacillus、Psudomonas和Penicillium属的微生物并未包括在产品说明中。研究表明用分子生态学方法可以比较客观准确的对微生物肥料质量进行评估和峪测。PCR-DGGE （denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis） and clone library analysis combined with culture dependent isolation methods were used to analyze the population composition and its stability over different production batches of one commercial biofertilizer, DGGE fingerprinting showed that samples from the same production batch had 80% - 100% similarity coefficient and those from different batches had 80% - 88%, an indication that population composition of the biofertilizer was relative stable within the same batch and from batch to batch. Isolation followed with 16S rRNA clone library analysis showed that the microorganisms contained in the products were not in agreement with the product＇s label. Only Lactobacillus, one of the 6 microorganisms labeled in the products, was detected in the samples. Other bacteria detected with the two methods were Bacillus, Monascus, Brevibacillus, Psudomonas and Penicillium, which were not listed in the product＇s label. These results showed that molecular ecological methods may provide a new technology for quality control of biofertilizers.

关 键 词：微生物肥料 分离培养 DGGE(变性梯度凝胶电泳) 克隆文库分析 

分 类 号：S144[农业科学—肥料学]