座舱温、湿度及压力改变对人体同环境热交换的影响  

Effect of Temperature,Humidity, Pressure in Cabin on Exchange of Human with En-Vironment

作　　者：崔代秀[1] 祁章年[1] 王宪章[1] 武建民[1] 

机构地区：[1]航天医学工程研究所

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》1996年第1期42-48,共7页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

摘　　要：被试者为５名男性青年，选择０、３、６ｋｍ三种高度，２３℃、３３℃两种舱温以及ＲＨ。３０％、ＲＨ．７０％两种舱湿。用追加３×２×２正交设计方法，共安排１２组６０人次实验，每次１５０ｍｉｎ。测量直肠温度和额、胸、手背、大腿、小腿５点皮肤温度及出汗量等，记录额。左前臂、左小腿的皮肤热流及右侧肩、胸、大腿部位的衣内温度和湿度。结果表明，座舱环境三因素对皮肤蒸发、对流、辐射散热均有影响。初步建立了诸因素与有关指标的数学模型；显著性检验表明，在本实验条件下各单因素作用的影响是主要的，其交互作用的效应不大显著。此结果可为栽入舱室环控参数的设计提供参考。To investigate the effects of cabin temerature,humidity and pressure on heat ex-change of human they with the environment.Sixty experiments were arranged according to orthogonal design in 5 selected subjects.The temperatures were 23℃ and 33℃,humidities were RH 30%and RH 70Ok;and altitudes were 0.3 and 6 km. Rectal temperature,five local skin temperature,three local heat fluxes,sweating rate, three local temperatures and humid-ties with in clothing were measured.Effects of the three main environmental factors on heat exchange by radiation,convection and evaporation were observed.Mathematical models de-scribing relationship between environmental factors and physiological indices were compiled from data obtained.The results showed that the effect of individual environmental factor is stronger than these among the various factors.The result is helpful in designing environmen-tal control system for manned cabins.

关 键 词：座舱环境因素 热交换 热平衡 人体 

分 类 号：R852[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]