一种新型压差控制自适应节流膨胀阀  

AUTO-ADJUSTED THROTTLE EXPANSION VALVE CONTROLLED BY PRESSURE DIFFERENCE

作　　者：公茂琼[1] 吴剑峰[1] 胡勤国[1] 齐延峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所

出　　处：《天然气工业》2006年第2期120-122,共3页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(No.50206024)。

摘　　要：在深冷工程中,其所用制冷剂的节流膨胀由于存在着低温流体(尤其是低温两相流)流量难以准确测定的问题,很难实现流量自动控制。因此常采用固定流通截面的节流元件,但这种节流元件不能很好地适应制冷系统(尤其是在混合制冷剂制冷系统变工况运行的状况下),导致制冷系统效率下降,从而影响了整个低温系统的效率。为此,针对深冷多元混合工质节流制冷系统的变工况运行情况,设计出了一种能够根据节流前后的压差,自动调节循环流量的自适应节流阀。该节流阀是机械式自适应阀,结构简单、设计有新意,适用于低温场合,具实用价值。分别在室温和深冷环境下进行的流量实验表明,该压差控制节流阀调节流量的能力较强。In cryogenic engineering, it is hard to realize auto-adjusted flow rate because there is cryogenic flow (especially cryogenic bi-phase flow) in the throttle expansion of refrigerants to make the flow rate difficult to measure accurately. Therefore, the throttle unit with constant flow profile is usually used. But the throttle unit can't adapt to the refrigeration system, especially the changing work conditions of the refrigeration system with mixed-refrigerants, lead the efficiency of the refrigeration system drop, and influence the efficiency of the whole cryogenic system. Aiming at the changing work conditions of the throttle refrigeration system with cryogenic multiple mixed-refrigerants, an auto-adjusted throttle valve is designed, which can automatically adjust the cycle flow rate according to the pressure difference between before and after the throttle. The throttle valve is an auto-adjusted mechanical valve, which has simple structure and creative design, and is suitable to the cryogenic places and the practical use. The flow tests under the room temperature and the cryogenic environment show the capability of the throttle valve controlled by pressure difference to adjust the flow rate is bigger than that of the capillary tube with constant flow area.

关 键 词：深冷 混合工质 节流 制冷机 自适应 节流阀 压差 控制 

分 类 号：TH134[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]