高温无渣耐磨堆焊焊条的焊接工艺  

Welding process of high temperature and non-slag hardfacing electrode

作　　者：肖逸锋[1] 汪中玮[1] 张清辉[1] 贺跃辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学机械工程学院,湘潭411105 [2]中南大学粉末冶金国家重点实验室,长沙410083

出　　处：《粉末冶金材料科学与工程》2006年第1期28-31,共4页Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy

基　　金：湖南省教育厅资助项目(05C085);湖南省科技厅重点项目(00GKY1008)

摘　　要：一种自行研制的具有很多优点的高温无渣耐磨堆焊焊条，由于其焊芯的电阻大、焊接时极易出现焊芯和药皮发红、药皮开裂等现象，且药皮中没有加入任何作为稳弧剂的矿石粉，其焊接工艺与一般堆焊焊条的焊接工艺应有较大的改善，否则其优越性将难以发挥。为了能更好地推广和更合理地应用这种高温无渣耐磨堆焊焊条，文章作者就其焊接工艺进行了初步研究。结果表明，焊接时采用直流反接许配以焊接电流为120～140A、电弧电压为18～24V的焊接规范，焊条的焊接工艺性能良好，焊缝成形美观，可连续多层堆焊而无须敲渣，焊缝质量可靠；焊接前对工件进行低温预热（100～150℃），多层焊时保持一定的层间温度（不低于100～150℃），可有效地弥补该堆焊合金的抗裂性差和多层堆焊易于出现高温失塑裂纹和冷裂纹等的不足，多层堆焊后焊缝不开裂。One type of high temperature and non-slag bardfacing electrode developed by the authors has large resistance and rapid heating（core/coat） ability, be easy of coat-cracking, and has no mineral powders acting as electric are stabilizer as well. In order to elaborate its merits and avoid its defect mentioned above, as well as use this electrode more suitably and abroad, its welding process is studied. The results show that, the welding process behaves good, the forming of weld seam is nice and the weld quality is reliable, when the welding conditions are that the welding current, arc voltage and polarity is 120 - 140 A, 18 - 24 V, and reversed polarity respectively. Specially, this electrode can make multiple-bead deposit without tile need of knocking the slag. When the preheated temperature and interlayer temperature of the workpiece are varied at 100 - 150℃, this hardfaeing electrode can obtain good crack resistance.

关 键 词：高温 无渣 堆焊焊条 焊接工艺 

分 类 号：TG422.1[金属学及工艺—焊接]