机插水稻精确定量栽培调控技术研究  

Study on quantitative planting practice of machine-transplanted rice

作　　者：彭长青[1] 李世峰 卞新民[2] 钱宗华 徐长青 吴九林 周宇 

机构地区：[1]江苏省南通市作物栽培技术指导站,南通226006 [2]南京农业大学,南京210095 [3]江苏省如东县作物栽培技术指导站,南通226400

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2006年第1期20-24,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2001AA245041);江苏省"十五"重点攻关项目(BE2001329);南通师院苏东所课题(03SD005);南通市青年学术带头人项目(Z3005)的部分研究内容

摘　　要：在大田栽培条件下，以“武香粳14”为材料，对机插水稻的育秧、移栽、肥料运筹等进行了精确定量栽培调控技术研究。结果表明：①芽谷播量以150-180g／盘（1624cm^2）为最佳；②壮秧剂处理秧苗素质，机插质量均好于其他复合肥处理，苗床如用复合肥处理．则其用量以N-P2O5-K2O=10—10—5的复合肥150g·m^-2较好；双膜育秧的秧苗须在播后21d内机插大田；③小棵密植（取秧面积1．26cm^2、株距11．7cm、行距30cm）有利于提高机插水稻的个体质量及群体水平；④大田施N量324kg·hm^-2、基蘖肥：穗肥=6：4的处理产量最高，单位面积总颖花量的显著提高是机插水稻产量增加的主要原因。The field experiments of japonica rice variety ＂Wuxianjing 14＂ were conducted during 2002-2004 in order to study the precise quantity control of growing seedlings, transplantation and N fertilizer application of machine-transplanted rice. The results were as follows： ① the appropriate sowing rate was 150-180g per tray （1 624 cm^2 ）; ② treating seedlings with a seedling-strengthening agent was more conducive to improving the quality of machine-transplanted seedlings than compound fertilizer treatment; if compound fertilizer （N-P2O5-K2O=10-10-5） was used, the rational dose was 150 g/m^2 ; the seedlings should be transplanted by machines to field within 21 days after sowing; ③ close planting with fewer seedlings in each cluster could improve the individual and population quality of machine-transplanted rice; ④ the rice yield was the highest when the amount of N fertilizer applied to field was 324 kg/hm^2 and the ratio of basal fertilizer and fertilizer for tillering to fertilizer for heading was 6 to 4; the significant increase in total glumous flowers per unit area was the main cause of the increase of machine-transplanted rice yield.

关 键 词：水稻 机插 精确定量栽培 

分 类 号：S511.048[农业科学—作物学]