饮用水生产中突发性有机磷农药污染事故的在线生物监测  

On-line bio-monitoring of organophosphorous pesticides in case of accidental contamination of drinking water

作　　者：任宗明[1] 马梅[1] 王子健[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《给水排水》2006年第2期17-20,共4页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)资助项目(2002AA601120)国家自然科学基金重点项目(20337020)。

摘　　要：饮用水生产中可能因为水源污染或人为投加的有机磷农药而使水质发生突发性变化,可以利用生物暴露于有机磷农药时运动行为的变化在线预警这类突发性污染事故。研究了大型蚤在不同浓度有机磷农药作用下的行为变化规律。研究结果表明,不同浓度对硫磷、马拉硫磷和敌百虫条件下,大型蚤的运动行为会发生剧烈变化,其强度随水中有机磷农药的浓度和暴露时间增加而逐步减弱;即使在这三种有机磷农药的水相浓度远低于《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)的情况下, 仍然可以观察到大型蚤运动行为的改变,因此可以对突发性有机磷农药污染事故实现安全预警。The emergency changes of drinking water quality by water pollution or organophosphorous pesticides may affect the public health. And this can be studied by the early warning of the organophosphorous pesticides contamination accidents. In this study, the effects of parathion, malathion and dipterex on the movement behavior of Daphnia magna were investigated, and an approach based on the behavioral changes was developed. Results showed that Daphnia magna movement behavior of different frequency changed simultaneously and the higher the concentrations of dipterex, malathion and parathion, the greater the degree of the behavioral changes and the shorter the start time of intensive behavioral changes. Even the three organophosphorous pesticides concentrations were set much lower than Environmental quality standard for surface water （GB 3838-2002）, the movement behavior of Daphnia rnagna changed intensively. So the behavioral changes of Daphnia magna could be applied in early warning of organophosphorous pesticides contamination accidents.

关 键 词：饮用水 有机磷农药 突发事故 在线生物监测 大型蚤 

分 类 号：X830.7[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TQ453.22[化学工程—农药化工]