TM图像的城镇用地信息提取方法研究  

Extracting Urban Land-use on the TM Imagery

作　　者：彭光雄[1] 徐兵[2] 沈蔚[1] 李京[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院资源技术与工程研究所,北京100875 [2]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2006年第1期31-36,共6页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40201036);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20030027014)

摘　　要：从对城镇用地的遥感信息机理分析入手,分析了城镇用地在LANDSAT TM 2、TM 3、TM 4、TM 5等各个波段上与其它地类的可分性。发现利用归一化植被指数NDV I和归一化水体指数NDW I,设定合适的阈值,能够有效地提取植被信息和水体信息,得到二值化图像。由谱间结构特征可知,城镇用地和裸地的TM 3-TM 2>0,城镇用地的TM 4-TM 3<0,而裸地的TM 4-TM 3>0,利用此特性可以区分城镇用地和裸地。对上述二值图像进行二值逻辑运算,得到城镇用地专题信息。研究结果表明,该方法的提取效率和精度都较高,与监督分类法和屏幕数字化方法相比,是一种行之有效的方法。Land covers in urban areas tend to change drastically over a short period of time due to rapid urbanization. Therefore, it is very important to quickly obtain the distributions and area of urban landuse. Remote sensing images are ideally used to monitor current land cover changes thanks to their rapid up-date capability. In this paper, the method of extracting urban land use from Landsat TM data is discussed. Firstly, the mechanism of remote sensing for urban land-use is analyzed. Secondly, the differences of urban land-use and other land-use type are discussed. Third, the structure feature among spectrum of urban land-use and the other land-use types is analyzed. Vegetation and water can be extracted by NDVI and NDWI with suitable threshold. Urban land-use and bareness areas can be distinguished by the formula such as TM3-TM2〉0 and TM4-TM3〉0. This method is much faster and better accurate. The experiment results show that this method is very simple and effective to the semiautomatic extraction of the urban land-use.

关 键 词：城镇用地 遥感 阈值 二值逻辑 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]