广东省艾滋病病毒职业性暴露应急系统响应情况分析  

Analysis of rapid response system to HIV occupational exposure in Guangdong province

作　　者：刘勇鹰[1] 林鹏[1] 付笑冰[1] 何群[1] 赵茜茜[1] 王晔[1] 杨放[1] 李艳[1] 孙宝山[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防治研究所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2006年第1期5-9,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 建立艾滋病病毒（HIV）职业性暴露应急系统，分析应急响应情况。方法 回顾性收集和分析2002～2004年报告的广东省各地HIV职业性暴露个案。结果 2002-2004年共报告152例HIV职业性暴露个案，其中医务人员占74．34％，干警占13．82％。29．61％是皮肤黏膜接触性暴露，70．39％是创伤性暴露。暴露级别中，一级暴露占57．24％，二级暴露占35．53％。三级暴露占7．24％。94．74％的暴露者进行了暴露后应急局部处理。发生暴露后，只有38．16％的暴露者采用了合理的处理方案。104例（68．42％）进行了预防性服药，但其中仅有27．88％（29/104）的人采用合理的服药方案。48例（31．58％）未进行预防性服药，但其中仅有60．42％（29／48）的人是真正无需预防性服药者。92例暴露者经12个月的随访未发现有感染HIV者。结论 广东省HIV职业性暴露应急系统能有效地响应全省HIV职业性暴露事件，但仍需加强对职业性暴露后应急处理技术的知识培训。Objective To analyze the effectiveness of rapid response system to HIV occupational exposure in Guangdong. Methods All the reported cases of HIV occupational exposure and response records were collected and analyzed from 2002 to 2004 in Guangdong province. Results There were 152 HIV occupational exposure eases in this period of time. Of which, 74.34% were HCWs （healthcare worker） and 13.82% were policemen. 29.61% of cases were exposed by skin or mucosa contacted and 70.39% were exposed by wounded. Exposure by levels, 57.24% were first level and 35.53% were second level and only 7.24% were third level. After exposed, 94.74% of cases had been urgently treated by local agency and only 38.16% were treated appropriately. 104 cases （68.42%） were treated with HIV post-exposure prophylaxis （PEP）, but only 27.88% of which had used PEP appropriately. 48 cases （31.58%） weren＇t treated with PEP but only 60.42% of them did was identified in 92 exposed eases after 12-month fallow up. Conclusion The rapid response system to HIV occupational exposure in Guangdong was effective but the assessment and treatment training of HIV occupational exposure should be strengthened.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 职业暴露 应急处理 

分 类 号：R373[医药卫生—病原生物学] R512.91[医药卫生—基础医学]