原油脱钙技术及脱钙剂研究进展  

Development of Crude Decalcification Technology and Decalcification Agent

作　　者：楚喜丽[1] 张鸿勋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化集团石油化工设备防腐蚀研究中心,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《石油化工腐蚀与防护》2006年第1期1-4,共4页Corrosion & Protection In Petrochemical Industry

摘　　要：国内外出现了不少脱钙技术,其中研究较多的有螯合沉淀脱钙和加氢催化脱钙,生物脱钙和过滤脱钙也越来越引起人们的重视。螯合沉淀脱钙技术由于使用方便灵活,开发和应用比较多,脱钙剂是该方法的核心技术。国内外已开发的脱钙剂主要有两大类：有机酸及其盐和无机酸及其盐。Chevron公司开发的脱钙剂,在实验室条件下,保持一定的剂钙比、水油比,原油的脱钙率可以达到80％以上,但用于工业装置成本太高。洛阳石化工程公司研制的脱钙剂在许多炼油厂都得以成功应用,但也存在对原油的适应性差、脱钙成本过高(对高钙原油而言)等问题。因此,仍需进一步研究和开发广谱、高效、廉价的脱钙剂。Among the deealeitieation technologies, those mostly studied axe chelating precipitation technologies and hydro-decalcification proeesses. While at the same time, the hie-decalcification is receiving increasing attention. The ehdating precipitation technology is most applied as it is easy in application. There are two major types of decalcification agents developed in China and world, i.e. organic acids and its salts and inorganic acids and its salts. At the laboratory conditions, the decalcification agent developed by Chevron can remove 80% of calcium from crude oil at a given agent to calcium ratio and water to oil ratio. The disadvantage is that the operating enst is too high. Whereas, the deealeifieatlon agent developed by Luoyang Petrochemical Engineer/ng Corporation has been widely used in many refineries. Bat it meets with the same problem of higher operating costs. Therefore, further R ＆ D efforts are required to develop the wide spectrum high-effieieney inexpensive agents.

关 键 词：螯合沉淀法 有机钙 脱钙 脱钙剂 电脱盐 

分 类 号：TE624.4[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]