青海大通退耕还林地林分水分生产力研究  

Water productivity of plantations in removal land from cultivation to afforestation in Datong of Qinghai

作　　者：刘胜[1] 贺康宁[1] 常国梁[1] 李世荣[1] 史常青[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2006年第1期81-86,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究项目"北方退耕还林区水土保持植被恢复与重建技术研究"(重大10407);国家自然科学基金项目"黄土半干旱区防护林树种耗水特性及其水分环境容量研究"(30371172)

摘　　要：为了解青海东部黄土高原寒区退耕还林地人工林的水分生产力水平，2001～2003年对青海省大通县退耕还林的人工林进行了群落蒸散测算、标准地生物量调查和解析木分析。并研究了青杨灌木混交林、白桦紫果云杉混交林、华北落叶松纯林、紫果云杉纯林、白桦纯林等11种林分类型退耕还林人工林的林木水分生产力。结果表明：1）3000株／hm^2左右密度的林分是该区较为适宜的造林密度标准；2）在目前的技术经济水平条件下，2100～3333株／hm^2密度的青杨灌木混交林成林、白桦纯林、紫果云杉纯林和白桦紫果云杉混交林水：分生产效率居所有林分之首，其水分生产力指标可作为该地区常规造林技术条件下乔木成林的水分生产力标准；3）3000株／hm^2左右密度的青杨灌木混交林、白桦紫果云杉混交林、紫果云杉纯林和白桦纯林成林的水分生产潜力基本达到了目前当地林木的最大生产能力。表明上述林分类型的造林模式可作为今后退耕还林工程和林业生态工程建设的发展方向。In order to find out the water productivity of some artifical plantations ：in removal land from cultivation for afforestation in the cold region of Loess Plateau of east Qinghai, commuinty evapotranspiration, sample area biomass and moisture potential productivity were investigated and analyzed in Datong county in Qinghai province from 2001 to 2003, and water productivity of 11 types of artificial plantions in the removal land were studied and. The results show that, 3 000 trees per hm^2 is a proper standard of plantions density for this region; Under current technological and economic condition, the productive efficiency of green poplar and shrub mixed forest, Asia white birch pure forest, China spruce pure forest, and Asia white birch and China spruce mixed forest with the density of 2 100-3 333 trees per hm^2, which is the top of all, can serve as potential productivity standard of actual productivity of mature arbor forest; The potential productivity of green poplar and shrub mixed forest, Asia white birch and China spruce mixed forest, China spruce pure forest and Asia white birch pure forest with the density of 3 000 trees per hm^2 have attained or been closed to local maximum tree productivity at present. These types of forestation models are the developing orientation of the removal land from cultivation for afforestation project and forestry ecological project.

关 键 词：退耕还林 林木水分生产力 水分生产效率 水分利用效率 水分生产潜力 

分 类 号：S725[农业科学—林木遗传育种]