一种多元低合金高碳钢的热处理组织及硬度的研究  

Structure and hardness of a low-alloy high carbon steel with multi-elements during heat treatment

作　　者：戴玉梅[1] 刘艳侠[1] 马永庆[1] 张占平[1] 齐育红[1] 于涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学材料工艺研究所,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《材料科学与工艺》2006年第1期60-62,108,共4页Materials Science and Technology

摘　　要：对一种低合金高碳钢(O．81C,0．65Cr,0．89W,0．54Mo,0．23V)热处理组织及硬度研究表明,该钢退火具有多类型碳化物(M3c,M4C3,M23C6,M6C和MC),在800-840℃区间退火,处于γ相低温区原碳化物部分溶解和新碳化物重新形核生长过程,使碳化物颗粒超细化,平均尺寸0．33-0．34μm．淬火时,因M3C、M23C6溶解于奥氏体的速度较快,在840-860℃淬火时,硬度可达HRC63-65；未溶碳化物M6C和MC(VC)有利于马氏体细化,但因其数量较少,淬火最高温度不易超过880℃．该钢在低温和中温回火有较好的抗回火性能,并能有效地促进残余奥氏体转变。该钢热处理过程组织结构特征能较好地以相平衡热力学计算结果进行解释．The structure and hardness of a low - alloy high carbon steel （0. 81C,0.65Cr,0.89W,0.54Mo, 0.23V） during heat treatment are studied in this paper. The results show that there are multiple types of carbides M3C, MTC3, M23C6, M6C and MC in the steel after annealing. Nucleation and growing of new carbides, dissolution of previous partial carbides during annealing process in g phase region, all these result in ultra - fine distfibution. Average size of annealed carbide in the steel is 0.33 ～ 0.34 mm at 800 ～ 840 ℃. Because M3 C and M23C6 dissolve easily in austenite, the higher hardness HRC63 ～ 65 can be obtained at 840 ～ 860 ℃. Undissolved carbide in the steel is propitious to martensite thinning during quenching process and it＇s quantity is little, so quenching optimal temperature is lower than 880℃. The good temper -resistance for the steel is obtained and the retained austenite is dispelled effectively at low and middle temperature. The structure of the steel during heat treatment can be described accurately by calculating based on phase equilibrium thermodynamic.

关 键 词：低合金钢 超细碳化物 热处理 组织结构 

分 类 号：TG142.45[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]