生态位构建通过修复破坏生境对集合种群动态的影响(英文)  

Effect of niche construction on metapopulation dynamics by modifying destroyed habitat

作　　者：韩晓卓[1] 李自珍[1] 张彦宇[1] 张锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第1期55-62,共8页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：Supported by National Social Science Foundation of China(04AJL007)and National Natural Science Foundation of China(30470298).

摘　　要：基于具有生境破碎作用下的集合种群模型,建立了在均匀场假设下的微分方程模型,充分探讨了具有生态位构建效应的有机体活动对破碎斑块修复产生的生态结果．通过稳定性分析与元胞自动机方法模拟表明:集合种群的续存条件不仅依赖于侵占力与灭绝率之间的平衡,而且也包括集合种群的生态位构建能力与生境自然消耗率之间的平衡;当灭绝率大于侵占率时,集合种群也可以在低水平上续存,并且在该过程中集合种群依赖于两个阈值条件,分别是生态位构建能力和集合种群的初始状态．集合种群的大小与其生态位构建能力成正比,即构建能力强者,集合种群数量相应增加．因此,对环境具有较强的正效应的有机体或种群在维护生境的有效性中起重要作用．Based on the Levins-type models with habitat destruction, the differential model under meanfield assumption was built to illuminate the ecological consequences of niche-constructing organisms＇ activities for destroyed habitat in metapopulation. Through stability analysis and simulation with cellular automation model, the results show that the metapopulation persistence depends on not only the balances between extinction and colonization but also the balance between the ability of niche construction and natural dissipation of habitat, even if the colonization rate is lower than the extinction rate. The metapopulation size is positive correlated with the ability of niche construction. With the ability of niche construction enhances, metapopulation size would increase. Furthermore, there exist two threshold phenomena for metapopulation persistence, which include the ability of niche construction and the initial state of metapopulation. Therefore, organisms or populations who have strongly positive influences on their environment play an important role on maintaining the available habitat and hence provide the theoretical ground for conservation biology.

关 键 词：集合种群动态 生态位构建 生境破坏 阈值 续存 

分 类 号：Q141[生物学—生态学]