生物标志物用于有机磷农药的迟发性神经毒性研究  

Acute Delayed Neurotoxicity Study of Organophosphorous Pesticides by Biomarker Methods

作　　者：董竞武[1] 叶于薇[1] 仲伟鉴[1] 肖萍[1] 潘京一[1] 洪新宇[1] 龚扬明[1] 顾文华[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心毒理研究室,上海200336

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2006年第1期41-44,47,共5页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]通过3种有机磷农药三唑磷（Triazophos，Tri）、丙硫磷（Prothiophos，Pro）和三甲基苯基磷酸酯（Triortho cresyl phosphate，TOCP）对莱亨种系海兰母鸡的作用来探讨有机磷农药的迟发性神经毒性效应及其对生物标志物的影响。[方法]试验设计Tri（4mg／kg体重）组、Pro（200mg／kg体重）组、TOCP（750mg／kg体重t）组以及阴性对照（植物油）组，各组神经毒性症状观察动物数均为8只。被试鸡在给药前10min皮下注射硫酸阿托品（10mg／kg）以防止急性中毒死亡，然后用咽颊部滴注自然吞咽方法1次染毒，观察其在21d内的运动状态神经毒性症状、体重及摄食变化。到期取脑、脊髓、坐骨神经进行髓鞘磷脂的组织化学检查（Pal—Weigert法髓鞘染色）。神经毒性症状程度按Hollingshaus（1981）的标准分类。各组生化指标测定动物数均为15只（染毒方法同前），在试验的第1、3、7、14、21天取血测定全血胆碱酯酶活性变化，取脑组织测定神经病靶酯酶（NTEo[结果]Tri、Pro组各有1只鸡死亡。Tri、Pro组的神经毒性症状积分与对照组相比差异均无显著性，TOCP组与对照组相比差异有非常显著性。Tri、Pro组的体重与阴性对照组相比差异均无显著性，TOCP组的体重在第1-2周与阴性对照组相比差异有显著性，第3周与时差异有非常显著性。Tri、Pro、TOCP组的全血胆碱酯酶（BChE）活性下降，在第1，7天与对照组相比差异有非常显著性；在第14天Tri、Pro组与对照组相比差异非常显著，TOCP组与对照组相比差异有显著性。Tri、Pro组的NTE活性下降，在第3天与对照组相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05），抑制率〈40％；TOCP组的NTE活性下降。在第l。14天与阴性对照组相比差异均有非常显著性（P〈0．01），抑制率在第1-3天达到70％以上，与对照组相比差异有非常显著性（P〈0．01）。3种OPs对生物标志物的�[ Objective ] To probe into effect on acute delayed neurotoxicity of triazophos（ Tri ）, prothiophos（ Pro ）, tri-ortho cresyl phosphate（ TOCP ）and their biomarkers. [ Methods ] Three organophosphorous groups were set up： Tri（ 4 mg/kg h.w. ）, Pro （ 200 mg/kg b.w. ）, TOCP（ 750 mg/kg h.w. ）, and negative control group （ vegetable oil ） were performed at the same time with the method. Eight hens per group were observed for clinical symptoms of toxicity for 21 days after treatment. All hens were pretreated with 10 mg/kg atropine 10 minutes hefore treating to avoid death from acute toxic effect. Then the test and negative control materials were administered by instillating at pharynx. The volume of garage was 5 ml/kg b.w.. After treatment, neurotoxic symptoms and body weight were observed and recorded daily for 21 days. The brain, spinal cord and sciatic nerve of test hens were taken at 21st day for histopathogical examine of demyelination（ Pal-Weigert dye ）. The score and grade were recorded according to Hollingshaus （ 1981 ）＇ s standard. Fifteen hens per group were determined for their biochemistrial targets （ treatment as above ）. Blood cholinesterase（ BChE ）and neuropathy target esterase（ NTE ） were determined on day 1, 3, 7, 14, 21. [ Results ] One han of Tri and Pro groups died. Tri and Pro groups were not significantly different compared with negative control in symptoms scores of clinical toxicity while TOCP group was very markedness difference. The result of body weight was the same as the symptoms scored at third week. The BChE of Tri, Pro, TOCP groups were very significantly different from the negative control group during day 1-3, while significantly different at day 7. The NTE of Tri and Pro groups decreased and was very significantly different compared with the negative control group at third day（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The rate of inhibition was below 40%. The NTE of TOCP group decreased at day 1-14 （ P 〈 0.01 ） and the rate of inhibition at dat 1-7 was

关 键 词：有机磷杀虫剂 迟发性神经毒性 生物标志物 胆碱酯酶 神经病靶酯酶 

分 类 号：R139.3[医药卫生—劳动卫生]