渭北旱原冬小麦不同覆盖栽培模式的节水效益  

Water-saving benefits of different mulching cultivation mode for winter wheat in Weibei Highland

作　　者：方日尧[1] 赵惠青[1] 方娟 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100 [2]陕西渭南市植保站,渭南714000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2006年第2期46-49,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：农业部948项目201052(A);陕西省自然科学基金(2004D03)

摘　　要：在陕西渭北旱原区，通过田间试验对冬小麦不同覆盖栽培模式的水分利用效率、节水增产效果和投入产出进行详细的分析，并对不同覆盖栽培模式的节水增产机理进行了探讨。研究结果表明：渭北旱原区冬小麦不同覆盖栽培模式均优于常规栽培，垄覆膜沟覆秸秆更为突出。垄覆膜沟覆秸秆栽培模式提高水分利用效率到11．59kg·mm^-1·hm^-2,单位粮食生产节水量达到37．21％～39．85％，单位耗水量增产达到58．68％～66．25％，产投比为1．34：1，均高于其它覆盖栽培模式。垄覆膜沟覆秸秆模式栽培技术是提高旱地冬小麦产量和经济效益的有效途径之一。Water utilization efficiency, water saving and yield increasing effect, input and otitput of different mulching cultivation modules of winter wheat were analyzed systematically through field experiment in Weibei Highland, Shaanxi Province. And the mechanism of the yield increasing and the water saving of different mulching cultivation modules also was studied. The result shows that different mulching cultivation modules are better than convention cultivation modules for winter wheat in Weibei Highland, and the ridge mulched plastic film and furrow mulched straw cultivation module is best. The ridge mulched plastic film and furrow mulched straw cultivation module can increase water utilhzation efficiency to 11.59 kg · mm^-1· hm^-2, and water saving of unit grain produce is 37.21～39.85%, yield increasing of unit water consumption reaches 58.68%～66.25%, output and input proportion is 1.34 ∶ 1, which are higher than those of other mulching cultivation modules, Ridge mulched plastic film and furrow mulched straw cultivation modules is one of the efficient methods to improve winter wheat yield of highland and economic benefits.

关 键 词：覆盖技术 单位粮食生产节水量 单位耗水量增产量 投入产出 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]