碘化银、液态CO_2播撒对流云防雹增雨的数值模拟  

Numerical Modeling Study on Hail Suppression and Rain Enhancement by Seeding Convective Clouds with Silver Iodide and Liquid Carbon Dioxide

作　　者：肖明静[1] 郭学良[2] 肖稳安[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学电子工程系,江苏南京210044 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所云降水与强风暴实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《南京气象学院学报》2006年第1期48-55,共8页Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40333033);国家"十五"攻关资助项目(2001BA610A06)

摘　　要：利用三维对流云模式对2001年8月23日发生在北京的降雹性对流天气过程进行播撒模拟和分析。结果表明,无论播撒剂为碘化银(AgI)还是液态CO2(LC),在最大过冷水区播撒均比在最大上升气流区播撒效果好。在最大过冷水区(温度0^-10℃)播撒时,AgI播撒消雹增雨的效果均优于LC播撒。在最大上升气流区(温度8^-7℃)播撒时,LC播撒的增雨效果要好于AgI播撒,而AgI播撒减雹量较大。对本例而言,无论哪种播撒方式,播撒时间越早,采用合适的剂量进行催化,消雹增雨的效果越好。在云体发展成熟之前播撒均可以取得消雹增雨的效果,而云体发展旺盛或发展后期播撒则会导致雨水减少,降雹增多。By using a 3D convective cloud model, a hail-producing convective weather process on 23th August 2001 in Beijing is simulated and analyzed with cloud-seeding process. The results show that no matter the seeding agent is silver iodide （AgI） or liquid carbon dioxide （LC）, the seeding effect in the region of maximum supercooled water（ temperature range： 0- -10℃ ） is better than that in the region of maximum updraft （temperature range： 8- -7℃ ）;and the seeding effect on both rain enhancement and hail suppression in the region of maximum supercooled water by AgI is better than that by LC, while in the region of maximum updraft, the seeding effect on rain enhancement by LC is better than that by AgI, but it is worse on hail suppression. For the studied case, no matter what seeding method is used, the earlier the seeding time, the better the effect on both hail suppression and rain enhancement with an appropriate seeding dose. In addition, the seeding effect on both hail suppression and rain enhancement could be poistive before the mature stage of cloud development, and the negative effects such as hail increase and rain decrease could occur while seeding during or after the mature stage.

关 键 词：对流云 消雹 增雨 AgI播撒 LC播撒 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P482[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]