成年S-D大鼠动眼神经核的显微解剖学研究  

Studies on Microanatomy of Oculomotor Nucleus in Adult SD Rats

作　　者：李世亭[1] 王旭辉[1] 朱宁喜[1] 李心远[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属新华医院神经外科,200092

出　　处：《神经疾病与精神卫生》2005年第5期329-332,共4页Journal of Neuroscience and Mental Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30000170)

摘　　要：目的研究成年S-D大鼠动眼神经核的显微解剖学特征。方法成年S-D大鼠30只,经右眼球结膜入路行单眼外肌肌鞘内注射辣根过氧化物酶(HRP),逆行标记中脑动眼神经运动神经元,48小时后取中脑组织切片还原显色(TMB法),并在光镜和电镜下观察。结果动眼神经核的运动神经元直径平均为(19.20±1.15)μm,单侧核内的运动神经元总数为(1467±57.55)个,其中支配内直肌(424±41.39)个,支配上直肌(338±19.90)个,支配下直肌(238±20.01)个,支配下斜肌(276±16.72)个,支配提上睑肌(191±8.51)个。各组神经元有相对固定的解剖位置,其中下斜肌神经元位于核的背侧中间部,下直肌神经元位于核的背内侧,内直肌神经元位于核的腹内侧,上直肌神经元位于核的腹外侧,提上睑肌神经元位于核的外侧中部。结论动眼神经核内的运动神经元按功能不同集中分布(形成各个亚核),各亚核之间存在不同程度重叠,单一眼外肌均有来自双侧的运动神经元支配。Objective To study the microanatomy characteristics of oculomotor nucleus in adult Sprague-Dawley（SD） rats. Methods In thirty adult SD rats, horseradish peroxidase （HRP） tracer was injected into each extraocular muscle via right bulbar conjunctiva approach to label the motor neurons of oculomotor nucleus. Forty-eight hours after injection, the midbrain was removed and cut into 50 mm sections, the sections were tested for HRP using tetramethybenzidine（TMB）, then neuroanatomical and histological aspects were observed with light microscope and electron microscope. Results The mean axonal diameter was （19.20±1.15）μm, and the total number of labeled neurons was 1467±57.55 in right oculomotor nuclear, among them there were 424±41.39 neurons supplying medial rectus muscle, 338±19.90 for superior rectus muscle, 238 ±20.01 for inferior rectus muscle, 276± 16.72 for inferior oblique muscle, and 191±8.51 for musculus levator palpebrae superioris. Each neuron group lay in relative fixed position, cells for inferior oblique muscle and inferior rectus muscle were located in the back part of the ipsilateral oculomotor nucleus. The motor pool of the medial rectus muscle and superior rectus muscle lay in medial part of oculomotor nucleus, and the neurons for levator palpebrae were founded in the middle- lateral part of the nuclear. Conclusions The neurons supplying each extraocular muscle were located in different part of the oculomotor nucleus （named sub-nuclear）, and some overlapping existed among sub-nuclears. Each of extraocular muscles was supplied by neurons from bilateral oculomotor nucleus.

关 键 词：大鼠 动眼神经核 显微解剖 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]