液氮消雾成冰性能的实验研究  

An Experimental Investigation on Liquid Nitrogen as Ice Nucleant for Artificial Dispersal of Supercooled Fogs

作　　者：张铮[1] 任婕[2] 韩光[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球物理系 [2]北京市人工影响天气办公室

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》1996年第3期372-378,共7页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：北京市人工影响天气办公室资助项目

摘　　要：为消除北京秋冬季节的过冷雾，采用冷云室对资源丰富、价格低廉、使用安全、方便和没有环境污染的液氮进行了成冰性能的鉴定，实验结果表明：液氮成核率与云雾温度的相关不明显，但与液氮的播撒量有关，当云雾的温度在０～－１７．０℃范围，液氮的适宜播撒量可取２６．３ｍｇ／ｍ３，成核率为１０１１ｇ－１。液氮能使过冷雾迅速冰晶化，播撒液氮２ｍｉｎ后，占总量９０％左右的冰晶生成。In order to disperse supercooled fogs developed in autumn and winter of Beijing, a performance of liquid nitrogen as ice nucleant was evaluated in a cold chamber. Liquid nitrogen which doesn't pollute environment, has a low price and a rich reservoir. The experimental results show that the relation between the performances of liquid nitrogen as ice nucleant and cloud temperatures is not obvious. During a temperature range from 0℃ to 17.0℃ , 10 11 g -1 represents the performance of liquid nitrogen as ice nucleant which is related to seeding amount. 26.3 mg/m 3 is a suitable seeding amount for liquid nitrogen weight. After two minutes of seeding liquid nitrogen, ice crystals about 90% of the total number will produce. The effective time for producing ice crystals may exceed 4￣5 minutes.

关 键 词：液氮 消雾 成冰核 播撒量 成冰性能 

分 类 号：P48[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]