六盘山地区石鸡和大石鸡间的渐渗杂交(英文)  

Introgressive hybridization between Alectoris magna and A.chukar in the Liupan Mountain Region

作　　者：刘发[1] 文陇英[1] 黄族豪[1] 侯鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《动物学报》2006年第1期153-159,共7页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：ThisresearchwasfundedbythegrantsfromtheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.39870140)andDoctorshipFoundationofMinistryofEducationinChina(No.20020730015)

摘　　要：在六盘山地区发现鹑类的两种鸟类石鸡和大石鸡进行杂交,本实验采用PCR和RFLP的方法,分析了六盘山西侧20个大石鸡和东侧36个石鸡的mtDNA基因,发现宁夏海原5个和甘肃庄浪8个的大石鸡具有石鸡的基因型,说明这可能是雌性石鸡与雄性大石鸡杂交的结果,在六盘山东侧石鸡种群中没有发现大石鸡的基因型,其基因是从石鸡到大石鸡的单向流动。杂交后代的形态与大石鸡相似且体型比双亲都大。这种渐渗杂交可能是杂交个体与雄性大石鸡回交的结果。根据分子钟推测,这种不对称的基因流动,可能是由于冰期隔离后次级相遇形成的。杂交种可与雄性大石鸡回交。虽然还需要加大样本量来进一步研究这种不对称基因流动。Two partridge species, Alectoris magna and A. chukar, hybridize in the Liupan Mountain Region. In this study, we used PCR and RFLP method to analyze mitochondrial DNA of 20 magna west side and 36 chukar samples from east side of Liupan Mountain. We found 5 magna samples from Haiyuan and 8 from Zhuanglang were of the chukar genotype. This suggests genes could have flowed from chukar to magna as a result of cross between female chukar and male magna, but not from magna to chukar. The hybrids were larger than their parents and very similar to magna. The divergence time between magna and chukar was consistent with the first glaciation period, suggesting that the two species would have experienced second contact. A sex bias was apparent in hybridization; 85% of hybrids could backcross with male magna. Although more populations need to be studied to establish the skew, the asymmetrical hybridization could bring about a form of genetic extinction of magna [Acta Zoologica Sinica 52 （1）： 153- 159, 2006].

关 键 词：大石鸡 石鸡 PCR RFLP MTDNA 渐渗杂交 六盘山地区 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]