增加光照及其与改变源库互作对大豆产量构成因素的影响  

LIGHT ENRICHMENT AND ITS INTERACTIONS WITH SOURCE-SINK ALTERATION ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN SOYBEAN

作　　者：刘晓冰[1] Stephen J.Herbert 金剑[1] 张秋英[1] 李艳华[1] 王光华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,哈尔滨150040 [2]美国麻省大学植物与土壤科学系

出　　处：《大豆科学》2006年第1期6-10,共5页Soybean Science

基　　金：美国农业部(USDA)的教育项目;麻省大学项目;中科院东北地理与农业生态所合作项目的部分内容

摘　　要：生殖生长期间的光照强度是决定大豆产量的关键环境因素。在美国麻省和中国黑龙江两地,通过在不同时期,对不同密度的大豆群体进行增加光照和改变源库处理,研究了两地产量及产量构成因素对增加光照光变化的反应。结果表明,不同时期增加光照光处理的增产效果不同,开花初期和结荚初期增加光照最为明显,花期增加光照增加单株荚粒数,而结荚初期增加光照增加百粒重。鼓粒期增加光照处理,百粒重不同品种在不同密度条件下增产不显著,说明鼓粒期后的光照条件对大豆产量及百粒重的调节有限。在不同的光照条件下,源库在产量形成中的作用不同。在自然光照条件下,剪叶处理产量下降幅度较去荚大,即源在产量形成中更加重要些,而在花期的增加光照处理条件下,库也成为影响产量的重要因子,可见,光照条件在源库关系中起着显著的协调作用。Light intensity during the reproductive period is the key environmental factor determining soybean yield. Responses of yield and yield components to light enrichment under varied population treated with different light enriched stages and source--sink alterations were investigated in the US and China. The yield increase effects differed among the light enriched stages. Early flowering and pod set stages were the critical stages to increase yield by light enrichment. The increased yield by light enrichment at flowering was mainly due to the increase in pod number, while at pod set stage it was mainly due to the increase in seed size. No significant yield increase was found at seed fill stage by light enrichment for cultivars differing in seed size or grown at different populations. This indicates that the regulation of light enrichment initiated at seed fill on yield and seed size is rather limited. Source/sink played different roles in yield forma- tion under various light regimes. Under natural light conditions, source played a very important role because leaf removal reduced greater yield compared with that of pod removal. Sink also became an important yield-limiting factor while light enriched conditions were applied. It is proposed that light regimes have a significant regulatory function in source-sink relationship.

关 键 词：大豆 光富集 源库改变 产量构成 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]