北京住宅建设的环境影响:1949~2003年——从生命周期角度评价建筑材料的环境影响  

Environmental Impact of Residential Building Construction in Beijing: 1949～2003——Assessing the Construction Materials' Environmental Impact by LCA

作　　者：刘天星[1] 胡聃[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《中国科学院研究生院学报》2006年第2期231-241,共11页Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：973课题(2005CB724206);中国科学院知识创新工程方向性项目(KZCX3-SW-424);国家自然科学基金项目(40171042)资助

摘　　要：针对北京建国后尤其是最近20多年中住宅快速发展的状况,将住宅的环境影响考察从直接、本地的环境影响扩展到建筑材料的生产阶段,从生命周期角度阐述了北京住宅快速发展给整个生态环境所带来的影响,以及这种影响的大小、类型和来源等.通过分析表明,环境影响的增长速度要高于住宅建筑面积的增长,这主要是由于住宅不同建筑结构所占比例不同造成的.通过对6种建筑材料的分析,得到钢材的环境影响远远大于其他几种建筑材料.Since 1949, especially in recent 20 years, the number of Beijing＇s residential building has increased rapidly. Such a fast development also has a great impact on the eco-environment. Generally, the methods of assessing the impact of buildings focus on the direct or local impact during the construction or using period. This article assesses the indirect impact of the building materials in a city＇s scale using the Life Cycle Assessment method. According to the analysis result, we find that the increase rate of residential buildings＇ impact is higher than that of the building area. Finally, we attribute this difference to the building structures and building materials.

关 键 词：生命周期分析 环境影响 住宅 建筑结构 北京 建筑材料 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]