城市浅水型湖泊底泥释磷的通量估算——以南京玄武湖为例  

Release fluxes estimate of phosphorus in a urban shallow lake: Lake Xuanwu, Nanjing

作　　者：龚春生[1] 姚琪[1] 范成新[2] 董浩平[1] 郑超海[1] 包先明[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境科学与环境工程学院,南京210098 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2006年第2期179-183,共5页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：论文资助来源:国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(50239030);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX3-SW-348)

摘　　要：以南京玄武湖为研究对象,通过静态条件下5℃、10℃、15℃、25℃、35℃玄武湖底泥释磷室内实验计算玄武湖释磷速率,得出底泥释磷速率与上覆水温度的关系,进而算出玄武湖北湖每年磷释放量为0．815 t,东南湖每年磷释放量为 1．013t,西南湖每年磷释放量为0．266t．玄武湖每年底泥释磷总量为2．094 t．根据费克定理,建立了间隙水扩散模型,利用模型计算玄武湖北湖每年磷释放量为0．799 t,东南湖每年磷释放量为0．983 t,西南湖每年磷释放量为0．232 t．玄武湖每年底泥释磷总量为2．014t．在不考虑外源污染的情况下,由底泥磷释放造成的内源污染使玄武湖磷浓度年均维持在 0．101 mg/L,超过湖泊富营养化磷标准,因此,在切断外源污染的情况下应采取措施治理磷的内源污染．The phycial and chemical characteristics of the surface sediment of Lake Xuanwu, Nanjing were investigated in April-September, 2004 and April-July, 2005. After simulating the phosphorus release in laboratory from the surface sediments samples under static conditions under 5,10,15,25,35℃ , respectively, the release fluxes of phosphorus across the water-sediment interface in different sub-lakes of Lake Xuanxu were calculated, i. e. 0. 815 t/a, 1. 013 t/a and 0.266 t/a for northern, southeastern and southwestern sub-lakes, separately. The total release flux for Lake Xuanwu could be 2. 094 t./a. Based on the Fick＇s Law, a pore water dispersion model was build up, and the phosphorus release for the whole Lake Xuan could be calculated as 2. 014 t/a to the water, with 0.799 t/a, 0. 983 t/a and 0. 232 t/a for northern, southeastern and southwestern sub-lakes. Such a net release from lake sediment for phosphorus makes an appropriate 0. 101 mg/L in lake water-a value exceeding threshold for lake eutrophication-on the year run when excluding the diffusion pollution to the lake. As a result, additional measures should be taken to reduce internal phosphorus pollution even when external pollutants are under control.

关 键 词：城市湖泊 释磷 间隙水 Fick定律 玄武湖 富营养化 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] U452.11[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]