不同磷效率小麦品种的磷吸收特性  

Characteristics of Phosphorus Acquisition in Wheat Varieties with Different P Efficiencies

作　　者：郭程瑾[1] 李宾兴[1] 周彦珍[2] 李雁鸣[1] 肖凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院,保定071001 [2]保定职业技术学院农林系,保定071051

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2006年第1期49-53,58,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(300112);河北农业大学9816重点科技攻关项目;国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2004BA520A0704-04)

摘　　要：在丰磷、缺磷条件下,对不同磷效率小麦品种的磷吸收特性进行研究。缺磷条件下,不同磷效率品种成熟期的植株全磷量和生育中后期(挑旗-成熟期)植株磷累积量均以磷高效品种最高,中效品种次之,低效品种最低。不同磷效率品种拔节期、挑旗期和成熟期的磷利用效率差异较小。表明磷高效小麦品种在缺磷条件下子粒产量形成能力的提高,与生育中后期植株具有相对较强的磷素吸收能力有关。缺磷条件下,不同磷效率品种在生育中后期的根系TTC还原力和可溶蛋白含量也以高效品种最高,中效次之,低效最低。表明磷高效小麦品种植株生育中后期根系具有较强的生理功能,是其在缺磷条件下吸磷量增加、产量相对明显提高的重要生理基础。研究表明,不同磷效率小麦品种在磷胁迫条件下的根系酸性磷酸化酶(APase)活性存在显著差异,并在小麦磷吸收效率的调控中具有重要作用。The phosphorus acquisition characteristics were studied in wheat varieties with different P efficiencies under Pi-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions. It showed that the plant total P contents at maturity stage, the accumulative P amounts per plant at mid-and later-growth stages were all the highest in varieties with high-P efficiency, then in the varieties with mld-P efficiency, and the lowest in the varieties with low-P efficiency. The P utilization efficiencies at jointing stage, flag leaf expansion stage and maturity stage had little differences among the variety types with different P efficiencies. It suggested that the increases of the grain yields in the varieties with high- P efficiency under Pi-deficient condition were related to the improvement of P uptake in the plants at the mid-and later-growth stages （from flag leaf expansion to maturity）. Under Pi-deficient condition, the root TTC redtactive activities and soluble protein contents at flag leaf expansion stage and mid-filling stage were also the highest in the varieties with high-P efficiency, then in the varieties with mid-P efficiency, and the lowest in the varieties with low-P efficiency. These results indicated that the higher root physiological functions during the plant mid-and later-growth stages in the varieties with high-P efficiency were the important reason for their much more P accumulations and higher grain yields. It is found that there were significant differences in the root acid phosphatase （APase） activities among the varieties with different P efficlencies during the mid-and later-growth stages, implying that the root APase activities have important functions on regulating the wheat P efficiency under Pi-deficient condition.

关 键 词：小麦(Triticum aestivum) 磷效率 磷素吸收 生理机制 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S816.7