SnO_2与氢氧化物复合阻燃剂对软PVC的阻燃消烟作用  

SnO_2 and Metal Hydroxides as Flame Retardants and Smoke Suppressants for Flexible Poly(vinyl chloride)

作　　者：屈红强[1] 陈向锋[2] 武伟红[3] 张翠翠[1] 徐建中[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学化学与环境科学学院,河北保定071002 [2]天津长芦海晶集团有限公司,天津300450 [3]河北农业大学理学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《塑料》2006年第1期5-10,14,共7页Plastics

摘　　要：研究了SnO2和无机氢氧化物阻燃剂对软PVC的阻燃消烟作用。通过热分析的方法研究了阻燃处理后的软PVC从室温到800℃的热降解过程,通过剩炭率的测定以及用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)对燃烧后所生成炭层的观察探讨了不同体系的阻燃抑烟的机理。结果表明:经SnO2和氢氧化物复合阻燃处理的样品具有较高的极限氧指数(LOI)和剩炭率,烟密度等级(SDR)和最大烟密度(MSD)明显降低,与未处理的样品相比具有较好的阻燃和消烟性能。SnO2的加入可改变PVC的热降解过程,使起始降解温度降低,SnO2可能是在凝聚相和气相同时起作用,但主要是在凝聚相起Lewis酸催化作用。The flame-retardants SnO2 and metal hydroxides as flame-retardants and smoke suppressants for flexible poly （vinyl chloride） were studied. The thermal degradation demonstrated of flexible PVC treated with flame retardants were studied by differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry from ambient temperature to 800℃. Their mechanisms were studied through the char yield test,SEM, thermogravity （TG） and differential thermal analysis （DTA）. The results demonstrated that flexible PVC treated with SnO2 and metal hydroxides showed a high limiting oxygen index and char yield, a low smoke density rating and maximum smoke density, which indicated that the flame retardantce of the treated PVC was improved. SnO2 changed the thermal degradation of PVC,decreased the degradation temperature,and maybe acted in the condensed phase and gas phase simultaneously but mainly in condensed phases as a Lewis acid.

关 键 词：聚氯乙烯 二氧化锡 阻燃 消烟 热分析 

分 类 号：TQ314.248[化学工程—高聚物工业] TQ325.3