舰船上层建筑端部及舷侧大开口应力集中分析和光弹性实验  

Analysis and Photoelastic Test on the Stress Concentration of Superstructure End and Broadside with Large Opening

作　　者：何祖平[1] 王福花[1] 王德禹[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海200030

出　　处：《中国造船》2006年第1期84-89,共6页Shipbuilding of China

摘　　要：建立了××型舰艉部分段详细的有限元模型,应用M SC.N astran软件进行了分析计算,给出了艉部分段整体应力分布状况;分别对比分析了上层建筑端部过渡和舷侧开口的两种设计方案,并计算了上层建筑端部和舷侧开口处的应力集中系数。同时对××舰做了光弹性实验,实验与有限元结果吻合较好,表明了两者结果的有效性。文中还讨论了船舶结构应力集中分析中基准应力的选取问题,所建议的基准应力可以使相应的应力集中系数符合设计人员的思路,便于设计参考。A detailed FEM model for the stern subsection of a warship based on the MSC. Nastran is established, and the stress distribution of the whole section in the stern subsection is obtained. Two kinds of designs for the superstructure end and broadside with large opening are compared respectively, and the corresponding stress concentration factors are given. Photoelastic test is also carried out, and the experimental result is consistent with that of the FEM, which gives the validity for the two methods. The research shows that the design of superstructure end with big transition radius has smaller SCF, which is better than that of superstructure end with small transition radius. For broadside opening, the design with arc form has smaller SCF and the stress distribution is smoother, which is better than the design with trapezoid form. In this paper, the choice for the nominal stress in the SCF calculation is also suggested so as the SCF is accordance with engineer＇s habit idea. In ship structure calculation, it＇s better to select the stress of the point where there is no stress concentration occurrence as nominal stress. As to superstructure end, the stress of deck side nearby the superstructure end can be taken as the nominal stress.

关 键 词：船舶、舰船工程 上层建筑端部 大开口 应力集中 有限元分析 光弹性实验 

分 类 号：U661.43[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]