黄河数字流域模型  

The digital watershed model for the Yellow River basin

作　　者：王光谦[1] 刘家宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2006年第2期15-21,共7页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

摘　　要：黄河数字流域模型是“数字黄河”的重要组成部分,可以理解为“数字流域+流域水沙、水质模型”。文中在数字流域模型框架下,以坡面为基本单元,建立具有多层结构的产流模型;在坡面产流的基础上,建立坡面产沙数学模型。进而以流域分级理论为依据,将坡面、小流域、区域、全流域四个层次的模型整合成一个完整的流域整体模型。文中提出了不同层次模型之间的联系途径和整合方法,探讨了模型框架、参数提取、模型计算原理方面的技术问题。应用建立的模型,给出了四个计算实例:黄河全流域水量计算、小花间汛期洪水模拟、多沙粗沙区产沙计算和岔巴沟淤地坝规划。实践表明:建立的模型基本具备了在黄河全流域进行降雨—径流模拟、侵蚀产沙计算和进行淤地坝规划的功能,辅以降雨预报模块则可进行洪水预报。The digital watershed model of Yellow River is the main part of the ＂Digital Yellow River＂ Project, which has two parts： the digital watershed and the hydrological ＆ pollutant models. Under the former constructed framework, the digital watershed model of Yellow River is developed based on the hillslope unit, which consists of six layers ： the canopy storage, the snow storage, the surface storage, the top-soil storage, the middle-soil storage and the deep-soil storage. In addition, a soil-erosion formulation is proposed for sediment yield simulation. The suggested model has four kinds of module, which are slope module, sub-basin module, region module and entire basin module. This essay describes the framework of the model and the method to combine the four kinds of module into a comprehensive one. And also it studies some technique problems, such as how to obtain the parameters＇ value from remote sensing image, the calculation principle of the model. The model is applied in four cases ： the computation of the water resources in the Yellow River basin, the rain-runoff simulation in Xiaolangdi-Huayuankou area, the soilerosion simulation in the sandy and grit area in the Loess Plateau, the check-dams planning in the Chabagou catchment. The well-fitted results indicate that the model would have a good prospect in application in the future.

关 键 词：数字流域模型 数字黄河 径流模拟 侵蚀产沙 淤地坝规划 

分 类 号：TV-1[水利工程]