菜籽饼肥与化肥配合施用对烤烟生长及土壤养分的影响  

Effect of Combining Application of Rapeseed Cake Fertilizer and Chemical Fertilizer on Growth of Tobacco and Nutrient Content in Soil

作　　者：王毅 瞿兴[2] 杨跃 王巍[3] 耿明建[3] 付丽波[4] 杨华[4] 洪丽芳[4] 

机构地区：[1]云南红塔集团,玉溪653100 [2]云南省烟草公司玉溪支公司,玉溪653100 [3]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070 [4]云南省农科院农业环境研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2006年第1期50-54,共5页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：云南省科委"省院省校"项目(Y0084);云南省红塔集团资助

摘　　要：在土培试验条件下研究菜籽饼肥及其与化肥配合施用对烤烟(Nicotiana tabacumL.)生长发育、土壤养分含量的影响。结果表明,施用化肥烟草根系中后期较饼肥和饼肥与化肥配施处理大,饼肥处理根系生长发育停滞较早,但下部叶成熟期以前各施肥处理根系干重以及整个生育期各施肥处理茎干重均无明显差别。施用化肥的烟草下部叶片平均单叶长、宽和鲜重及产量均比施用饼肥小,上部叶片则有相反趋势,饼肥与化肥配合施用下、中、上部叶片均得到较好发育,总产量最高。在烟草不同生育时期,土壤有机质含量总的趋势为饼肥处理>饼肥+化肥处理>化肥处理>对照,而土壤碱解氮、有效磷和有效钾含量一般表现为化肥处理>化肥+饼肥处理>饼肥处理>对照,随着生育期推进,3种施肥处理的土壤碱解氮含量均逐渐降低,土壤有机质及有效磷含量表现为先升高后降低,而有效钾含量无明显变化。The effect of combining application of tobacco（Nicotiana tabacum L. ） and nutrient content rape seed cake and chemical fertilizer on growth of in soil was studied under soil culture. The weight of tobacco roots applying chemical fertilizer（CF） was obviously greater than that applying rapeseed cake fertilizer（RC） or combining application of chemical fertilizer and rapeseed cake fertilizer（CC） after the lower leaves maturity, but before this stage there was no distinct difference among 3 treatments. The stem dry weight was yet no significant difference among the 3 treatments at whole growth duration. The average of length, width and fresh weight of all lower leaves of tobacco and its yield applying CF were significantly less than RC at mature stage, but the contrary trend was found in upper leaves. The leaves in different parts of tobacco of CC grew better at different leaves maturity, its total yield was also higher than the other two treatments. The content of soil organic matter of all treatments at whole growth duration showed that RC〉CC〉CF〉CK, but the content of alkali-hydrolyzable N, available P and K in the soil mostly displayed that CF〉CC〉RC〉CK. As the tobacco growth stage went on, the content of soil alkali-hydrolyzable N of the treatment applied CF, RC and CC gradually decreased, the content of soil organic matter and available P increased at earlier stage and depressed at latter stage, but the available K content in the soil was no clear change.

关 键 词：烤烟 菜籽饼肥 化肥 生长 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S141.5[农业科学—肥料学] S143[农业科学—农业基础科学]