内皮祖细胞在血管生物学中的特征和作用  

Characterizations and Roles of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Vascular Biology

作　　者：张红旗[1] 王克强[2] 葛均波[2] 

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院人体解剖学教研室,河南新乡453003 [2]复旦大学附属中山医院上海市心血管病研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《解剖科学进展》2006年第1期79-85,共7页Progress of Anatomical Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000056903)

摘　　要：输入造血干细胞和体外扩增的内皮祖细胞可以促进缺血后组织内的血管新生,使损伤后的内皮出现内皮化。内皮祖细胞的来源和界定一直存在争议,内皮祖细胞可来源于骨髓,CD133/VEGFR2细胞代表一定数量的内皮祖细胞。然而,越来越多的证据提示这些骨髓来源的细胞(如髓样细胞,侧群细胞和间充质细胞)和非骨髓来源的细胞均可产生EC。内皮祖细胞的动员和其介导的血管新生受到精细的调节。他汀类药物,锻炼或一些抑制因子(如冠状动脉疾病的危险因子)可以调节祖细胞的水平,从而影响血管的修复能力。然而,内皮祖细胞的招募和功能的发挥是多步骤调节的结果,如粘附,信号转导事件包括粘附和迁移(如通过整合素家族)趋化因子(如通过SDF-1/CXCR4)最后分化成EC。本文讨论了调节内皮祖细胞介导的血管新生和血管内皮化的可能机制。Infusion of hematopoietic stem cells and ex vivo expanded endothelial progenitor cells augments neovascularization of tissue after ischemia and contributes to reendothelialization after endothelial injury, thereby, providing a novel therapeutic option. However, controversy exists with respect to the identification and the origin of endothelial progenitor cells. Overall, there is consensus that endothelial progenitor cells can derive from the bone marrow and that CD133/VEGFR2 cells represent a population with endothelial progenitor capacity. However, increasing evidence suggests that there are additional bone marrow - derived cell populations （ eg, myeloid cells, ＂side population＂ ceils, and mesenchymal cells） and non -bone marrow -derived cells, which also can give rise to endothelial cells. Mobilization and endothelial progenitor cell-mediated neovascularization is critically regulated. Stimulatory （eg, statins and exercise） or inhibitory factors （risk factors for coronary artery disease） modulate progenitor cell levels and, thereby, affect the vascular repair capacity. Moreover, recruitment and incorporation of endothelial progenitor cells requires a coordinated sequence of multistep adhesive and signaling events including adhesion and migration （eg, by integrins）, chemoattraction （eg, by SDF-1/CXCR4）, and finally the differentiation to endothelial cells. This review summarizes the mechanisms regulating endothelial progenitor cell - mediated neovascularization and recn- dothelialization.

关 键 词：内皮祖细胞 血管生物学 血管新生 冠状动脉疾病 细胞介导 造血干细胞 CD133 间充质细胞 他汀类药物 SDF-1 

分 类 号：R329.2[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R743.4[医药卫生—基础医学]