苎麻施钾效应的研究  

Studies on the Effect of Potassium Fertilizers on Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. )

作　　者：王春桃[1] 余平[2] 周兆德 欧阳铎声 崔国贤[1] 李宗道[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学苎麻研究所,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学农学系

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1996年第2期67-72,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

摘　　要：施钾可提高土壤及苎麻地上部植株含钾量,适量钾可促进氮的吸收,提高苎麻抗旱性和抗花叶病能力,增加苎麻纤维产量和提高纤维品质;过量钾可致使钾的奢侈吸收,体内K/Ca、K/Na吸收比例严重失调,对苎麻生长发育产生不利影响。钾改善纤维支数的作用,与供氮水平密切相关,低氮条件下对纤维支数具有明显改良作用,而高氮条件下纤维品质(纤维支数)的决定性因素是供氮水平高低,钾对纤维品质的改良作用较小。推荐氮、钾肥施用适当配比(N/K_2O)为3:1～3:2,全年每亩钾肥施用量(K_2O计)为20～30kg。Potassium application will raise the potassium content of ramie plant. Further more, proper amount of potassium fertilizer will promote the absorption of nitrogen, resist drought and mosaic disease of ramie. It will increase the fiber yield and fiber quality too. But excessive potassium application will cause the absorption ratio of K/Ca and K/ Mg in ramie unbalanced, then ramie growth and development will be inhibited. The effect on raising the fiber counts of ramie is correlated closely with the supply of nitrogen fertilizers. Low application of nitrogen fertilizers will raise the fiber counts obviously, while high application of nitrogen will decrease the fiber counts seriously. The fiber counts of ramie will be decided by both the amounts of N and K application. Under low or suitable quantities of N conditions, K affects the ramie quality. But too much N applied would decrease the fiber counts, although K fertilizer has been increased highly. The proper ratio between the application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers will be 3 : 1-3 : 2. The amount of potassium fertilizer will be 20-30 kg per mu.

关 键 词：苎麻 施钾效应 钾肥 施肥 

分 类 号：S563.106.2[农业科学—作物学]