温室养殖暗纹东方鲀毛霉菌的鉴定、致病性和病理学研究  

Clinic and pathological observation of glasshouse cultured obscure puffer Fugu obscurus infected with Mucormycosis

作　　者：杨鸢劼[1] 陈辉 贺艳辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081 [2]江苏省水产技术推广站,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2006年第2期269-276,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院科研基金项目(2001-2-7)

摘　　要：取温室养殖的1龄患真菌病暗纹东方鲀（Takifagu obscurus）进行观察，患病暗纹东方鲀体质鼠（25±3）g，体表出现点状白斑，变成黄棕色，形成环状苍白圈，病灶中心溃疡糜烂，可延伸至肌肉，死亡率达100％。病原菌分离和培养观察显示，菌丝粗大、无隔、分枝、单兰氏染色旱阳性的真菌菌丝，适宜培养条件为Sabouraud培养基37℃，24h菌丝顶端有淡黄色球形孢子囊；72h出现气生菌丝，孢子囊成熟，释放卵圆形孢囊孢子。根据Ainsworth（1973）真菌分类系统可初步鉴定为毛霉菌（Mucorsp．）。人工感染试验表明，该菌孢子可通过注射及创伤感染方式感染健康暗纹东方鲀，出现与自然发病相同的症状，20d死亡率达100％；对实验小鼠有较强的致病力。药敏试验以制霉菌素和两性霉素B最为敏感，抑菌质量浓度为6．0-24μg／mL；碘化钾和5-氟胞嘧啶其次。病埋组织学检查显示，菌丝着色呈蓝色、分支、书直角；菌丝侵入肌肉组织引起变性坏死、间质水肿；小血管有大量杆状或球状粗大菌丝，引起栓塞。An observation was made on indoor cultured Fugu obscurus infected with epiphyte. There were some white spots on the body surface, which gradually turned yellowish brown and form circular pale circles. The central areas would also get ulcerated and eroded. When section was extended to the muscle, the mortality would reach 100%. The results of microscopic examination, pathogenic separation and culture showed that the hyphae were thick and branching, and the gram-positive mycelium of a fungus had no septum. The hyphae grew at optimum conditions on Sabouraud culture base at 37℃ ; the hyphae top showed light yellowish spore sac after 24 h; the hyphae showed grayish floss after 48 h; the hyphae created gas and grow mycelium; spore sac matured and released egg-shaped sporangium and spore after 72 h. Artificial infection examination indicated the spore of these bacteria could further infect healthy obscure puffer by injection and wounding infections and the identical symptom would appear as naturally infected fish with the mortality reaching 100 % within 20 days. h had great disease-causing capability to laboratory mouse. Medicine sensitivity examination also showed nystatin and amphotericin B were most sensitive at inhibitory concentration of 6.0-24μg/mL, and KI and 5-flucytosin were the second sensitive. Histo pathological examination showed the muscle tissue invaded with hyphae causing necrosis and subsistence edema; the gramstain of hyphae showed branching and rectangular; there was large amount of big baculine or globular mycelium in small blood vessels causing embolism. Based on G. C. Ainsworth Classification System （1973）, our preliminary analysis showed that this strain belonged to a Fungus of Mucor.

关 键 词：暗纹东方鲀 毛霉属 分离箍定 组织病理 

分 类 号：Q959.483[生物学—动物学]