翘嘴红鲌对饲料蛋白的营养需求及豆粕对鱼粉的适宜替代量  

Nutrition requirement of dietary protein and optimal replacement of fish meal protein by soybean protein in Erythroculter ilishaeformis juveniles

作　　者：王桂芹[1] 周洪琪[1] 陈建明[2] 赵朝阳[1] 周辉[1] 阎大伟[1] 冷向军[1] 叶金云[2] 潘茜[2] 王友慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院 [2]浙江省淡水水产研究所,浙江湖州313001

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2006年第2期277-285,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：浙江省重大科技攻关项目(2002C12016);浙江省湖州市科技重点项目(2003GN04)

摘　　要：选择健康的翘嘴红鲌（Erythroculter ilishaeformis Bleeker）为实验鱼，体质量（12．84±0．60）g。实验分为两部分进行。实验Ⅰ以褐鱼粉为蛋白源，配制5个蛋白水平（31．04％、35．51％、40．89％、46．62％、50．33％）的等能、等必需氨基酸（EAA）平衡关联度的半精制饲料，探讨翘嘴红的对饲料蛋白的需求；经过8周饲养，实验Ⅰ的结果表明，饲料蛋白含量对翘嘴红鲌的增承率、饲料效率和蛋白效率具有显著影响。方差分析表明，40.89％饲料蛋白组的鱼体增重率显著高于31．04％、35．51％饲料蛋白组（P〈0．05），但是与46．62％和50．33％饲料蛋白组没有显著性差异（P〉0．05）；31．04％、35．51％和40．89％饲料蛋白组的蛋白效率显著高于46．62％和50．33％饲料蛋白组（P〈0．05）；40．89％、46．62％和50．33％饲料蛋白组的饲料效率显著高于31．04％和35．51％饲料蛋白组（P〈0．05）。依据折线模型分析翘嘴红鲌的增重率、二次多项式回归分析蛋白质效率，适宜饲料蛋白水平为37．43％～41．15％。实验Ⅱ以豆粕替代鱼粉，大豆蛋白分别替代0．0％、13．5％、27％、40．5％和54％的鱼粉蛋白，配制5个EAA关联度的等蛋白（40％）、等能（20MJ·kg^-1）的半精制饲料，探讨翘嘴红鲌饲料中大豆蛋白对鱼粉蛋白的适宜替代量。结果表明，当大豆蛋白分别替代13．5％、27．0％和40．5％的鱼粉蛋白时，翘嘴红鲌的增重率和蛋白效率与对照组差异不显著（P〉0．05），而且都显著高于54．0％替代组（P〈0．05），因此，本实验条件下，大豆蛋白对鱼粉蛋白的最大替代量为40．5％，饲料动、植物蛋白适宜比为3：2。The initial body weight of Erythroculter ilishaeformis was （12.8± 0.60） g. In the first trial, in order to investigate the optimum dietary protein requirement of topmouth culter, Erythroculter ilishaeformis Bleeker juveniles, five groups of diets with isoenergetic （20 MJ·g^-1 gross energy） and same relativity of essential amino acid balance containing different protein levels （ 31.04 %, 35.51%, 40.89 %, 46.62 % and 50.33% DW） were prepared. In the second trial, five groups of diets with isonitrigenous （40% protein） and isoenergetic （20 MJ·g^-1 gross energy） and different relativity of essential amino acid balance with soybean protein replacing 0.0 %, 13.5 %, 27.0 %, 40.5 % and 54 % of fish meal protein, were formulated to determine optimal replacement level of soybean protein to fish meal protein. After 8-week feeding, The weight gain, feed efficiency, protein efficiency rate were significantly influenced by dietary protein levels （P 〈0.05）. Weight gain of the fish fed on 40.89% protein diets were significantly higher than those of the fish fed on 31.04% and 35.51% protein diets respectively （P〈0.01）. But there were not significant difference from those in the fish fed on 46.62 % and 50.33 % protein diets （P〉0.05）. Based on broken-line and quadratic regression analysis of weight gain and protein efficiency rate, dietary protein level for juvenile Erythroculter ilishaeformis was 37.43 % - 41.15 %. In the second experiment, when the replacement level for fish meal protein by soybean protein was 13.5 %, 27 % and 40.5 %, there were no significant difference in weight gain and protein efficiency ratio among the diets compared with control groups （P 〉0.05）, and were much higher than weight gain in the fish fed on 54% replacement of soybean protein （P〈0.05）. It comes to the conclusion that 40.5 % of fish meal protein can be replaced by .soybean protein in the diet of Erythroculter ilishaeformis, and the animal-plant protein ratio was 3 ： 2.

关 键 词：翘嘴红鲌 饲料蛋白水平 大豆蛋白 增重率 蛋白质效率 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]