中国东部主要河流颗粒物的元素组成  

Elemental Composition of River Particulates in the Eastern China

作　　者：陈静生[1] 王飞越[1] 程成旗 陈江麟[1] 宋吉杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学系,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》1996年第2期206-214,共9页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：研究了中国东部11条主要入海河流颗粒物(悬浮物和<63μm表层沉积物)中17种常量和微量元素的含量及其地域差异。在此基础上,首次估计了我国河流颗粒物的平均元素组成。最后,根据提供的中国河流颗粒物元素组成资料和文献中对世界主要河流颗粒物元素组成的研究结果,对全球河流颗粒物的平均元素组成进行了新的估计。A total of 42 aquatic particulate samples (suspended matter and <63μmsurficial sediments) was collected from 11 large rivers in the eastern China.Theserivers include,from north to south,the Amur,Nenjiang,Songhua,Ussuri,Tu-men,Yalu,Liaohe,Luanhe,Yellow,Huaihe,Yangtze,Qiantang,Minjiang,andPearl rivers.Contents of both major elements (Al,Si,Ca,Mg,K,Na,Ti,Fe,Mn) and trace elements (Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr,Co,Ni,V)in the paniculate sam-ples were analysed.Based on the data set,to which were added literature data forthe Yellow,Yangtze and Pearl rivers,the geographic variations of river particulatecompositions in the eastern China were studied.The results showed that the Yel-low River particulates contained a notably high content of Ca and low content ofAl.Except for the Yellow River,Al contents in particulates increased from the northern rivers to the southern rivers,while K and Na decreased.Trace elementswere relatively enriched in the southern river particulates.The geographic varia-tions were suggested to be related to the weathering types and geological back-ground within the river basins.The average composition of river particulates inChina was then estimated.Based on the Chinese river data from this paper,as wellas on the literature data for other main world rivers,a new estimation of the globalaverage particulate composition was reported.Since the earlier estimations on theliterature were not concerned with or only concerned with few of the Chinese riverswhich contribute a great proportion to the global load of river particulates,this newestimation may be more reasonable.

关 键 词：颗粒物 悬浮物 中国 河流 化学成分 

分 类 号：P343.1[天文地球—水文科学]