短脉冲激光与岩石相互作用机理初探  

A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON THE INTERACTION MECHANISM OF ROCKS AND SHORT PULSE LASER

作　　者：徐松林[1] 席道瑛[2] 唐志平[1] 蔡建[1] 张兴华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学中国科学院材料力学行为与设计重点实验室力学与机械工程系,安徽合肥230027 [2]第三世界科学院中国科学技术大学地球科学及天文学高级研究中心,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2005年第A01期4694-4699,共6页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（40474065）

摘　　要：石油开采过程中，为增大原始岩体的渗流速度，一般采用水压致裂或射孔弹的方法来加以实现，但两种方法都存在一定缺陷。为探索一种新概念石油开采技术，即采用激光技术增大原始岩体的渗透率，对短脉冲激光辐照自然、饱水和饱油状态的花岗岩、大理岩和红砂岩的响应作了初步研究。得到了激光辐照下，岩石试样内烧蚀坑的三维形态以及烧蚀状态与脉冲数的初步关系。结果表明：脉冲激光可以在试样局部产生一定的裂纹；饱油试样的烧蚀情况较饱水和自然状态更严重。但对于产生的裂纹数量，尺寸以及方向等方面的控制尚需进一步的工作。In the petroleum exploration, the technology of hydraulic fracturing or perforating charges is used to increase the permeating velocity of petroleum in natural rocks. However, there are limitations for both of these technologies. To probe a new concept technology of petroleum exploration, i.e., laser technology is applied to increase the permeating ratio of natural rocks, some preliminary experiments are conducted to investigate the responses of granite, marble and red stone in the states of natural, water-saturation and oil-saturated under the Shock of short pulse laser. The 3D contour of ablation pit and the preliminary relations of the ablation contour and the number of laser pulse are obtained. The results show that some cracks generate at local place for the shock of laser, and the degree of ablation of the oil-saturated rocks is more serious than that of the natural and water saturated rocks. However, further work should be conducted to control the direction, sizes and number of cracks generated under the shock of laser.

关 键 词：采油工程 激光 岩石 短脉冲 烧蚀 

分 类 号：TE355[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]