塔里木盆地西北部荒漠化气候特征  

CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS OF DESERTIFICATION IN THE NORTHWESTERN PART OF TARIM BASIN

作　　者：李新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区地理》1996年第1期53-57,共5页Arid Land Geography

摘　　要：塔里木盆地西北部30多年来气候和天气现象的变化表明80年代以后浮尘天气日数明显增加．绿洲外部地表土壤荒漠化趋势加重是影响气候和大气透明度的主要原因之一．而气候作用不会导致塔克拉玛干沙漠向北扩展．Aksu Water Budget Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences (AWBS) is located in the northwestern part of Tarim Basin, 1028m a.s.1. and surrouded by a vast plain. The relationship and changing regularity between the climate and desertification in the northwestern part of Tarim Basin are discussed based on the climatic data collected at AWBS from 1962 to 1993. The conclusions are as following: (1) Northeast and north winds, as the dominant winds here, push the sand dunes at the northern fringe of Taklimakan Desert to move southward. The desertification can not be brought about by climatic factors if the hydrological and vegetational conditions do not be changed by humasn artivities. (2) In spring, there is strong wind, less rainfall and low air moisture content. The ground surface is dry and most of which is bare. Therefore, sand-drifting and dust floating weathers occur frequently and desertification occure easily in spring.(3) Hydrological and vegetational conditions become worse and the climate impels desertification around the oases in the northern part of Tarim Basin. Flood water and drained water out of farmlands should be used to irrigate vegetation outside the oases so as to prevent desertification.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 气候特征 荒漠化 沙漠 

分 类 号：P462.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]