土壤可蚀性研究述评  

A review of soil erodibility research

作　　者：宋阳[1] 刘连友[1] 严平[1] 曹彤[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2006年第1期124-131,共8页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：教育部重点项目(272008)"沙漠/黄土过渡带风水交替与土壤复合可蚀性研究"资助

摘　　要：土壤可蚀性是土壤对侵蚀作用的敏感性。对土壤可蚀性的研究是认识土壤侵蚀机理的一个重要环节。土壤可蚀性可以通过测定土壤的理化性质、水冲、模拟降雨、小区和风洞试验测定,可以使用土壤侵蚀模型与诺谟图计算土壤可蚀性。研究中产生了许多可蚀性指数和计算公式。土壤可蚀性是一个相对的概念,它受空间变化、土壤性质的时间动态变化和人类活动等因素的影响。在土壤可蚀性的研究中存在着一些不足,具体表现为:农田土壤是土壤可蚀性研究的主要对象,区域之间的土壤可蚀性缺乏对比,因此加强对土壤可蚀性机理、实验与风水复合侵蚀作用下土壤可蚀性的研究有着十分重要的意义。Soil erodibility is an important index to evaluate soil sensitivity to erosion. The research on soil erodibility is a crucial rathe in understanding the mechanism of soil erosion. Soil erodibility can be evaluated by measuring soil physiochemical properties, scouring experiment, simulated rainfall experiment, plot experiment and wind tunnel experiment. We can use soil erosion model and nomogram to calculate soil erodibility. Many soil erodibility indices and formulae have been put forward in the research of soil erodibility. Soil erodibility is a complex and comparative concept; it is affected by many factors, such as the temporal and spatial change, soil properties and human activities. Some obstacles restrict the research of soil erodibility. Firstly, the research on soil erodibility is mainly focused on farmlands; Secondly, soil erodibility in different areas cannot be compared sufficiently; and thirdly, the research on soil erodibility in water-wind erosion is very scarce. In the prospective research, we should strengthen the research on the mechanism of soil erodibility, conduct research on soil erodibility by both water and wind factors. At the same time, we should reinforce the experimental research on soil erodibility, put observation outdoor and simulative experiment indoor together, combine geostatistics, GIS and remote sensing technology with the soil erosion predicting model, further consummate soil erodibility in the model, predict the erosion quantity accurately, and ascertain the legitimate mode of land use.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 土壤可蚀性 测定 计算 机理 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]