大气臭氧与气溶胶垂直分布的高空气球探测  

Balloon Observation of Atmospheric Ozone and Aerosols

作　　者：石广玉[1] 许黎[1] 郭建东[1] 张豹武 孙宝来[1] 龚知本[1] 周军[1] 谭锟[1] 岩坂泰信[1] 林政彦 长谷正博 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所,中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所,日本名古屋大学太阳地球环境研究所,国家气候中心

出　　处：《大气科学》1996年第4期401-407,共7页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：本文给出了１９９３年９月１２日利用高空科学气球在河北省香河地区探测到的大气臭氧和气溶胶的垂直分布。结果发现：（１）大气臭氧的数密度在整个对流层较低（～１０１２ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ３），并从地面到对流层顶略有下降；对流层顶以上开始快速增加，极值层高度在～２４ｋｍ，其值为４．７８×１０１２ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ３；臭氧分压有类似的分布特征，极值１４６×１０－４Ｐａ，位于同一高度；（２）在平流层低层，臭氧分压有一个次极值６２×１０－４Ｐａ，位于１５～１６ｋｍ；（３）０～３０ｋｍ大气气溶胶数密度呈现出三个峰值：１４３，８和１．１个／ｃｍ３，分别位于近地面、５ｋｍ和２１ｋｍ；（４）气溶胶的数密度谱在对流层为双模态；在平流层，次峰消失。同时，我们还与其他观测结果作了比较分析。The vertical distributions of atmospheric ozone and aerosols measured by balloon are given inthes paper.The results show:(1) the number density of ozone in the troposphere is lower (- 1012 mol/cm3)with a slight decreasing trend from the surface to the tropopause. Above the tropopause it begins to increaserapidly up to a maximum value of 4.78 × 1012 mol / cm3 around 24 km. The partial pressure of ozone has asimilar appearance to its number density and a maximum value of 146×10- 4Pa appears at about 24 km; (2)there is a sub-maximum of 62 × 10- 4Pa for the tropospheric ozone at 15￣ 16 kin; (3) a significant characteristic of the observed profile of aerosols with radius larger than 0.2 μm is that there are three maximalocated at the ground,5 km and 20 km, with the number density of about 143, 8 and 1.1 particle/cm3,respectively;(4) the volume spectra of aerosols appear bi-modal in the troposphere but the pattern disappears in the stratosphere. Comparison with other observations has also described in this paper.

关 键 词：臭氧 气溶胶 高空气球 垂直分布 

分 类 号：P421.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]