干旱诱导作物叶片膜损伤和膜脂过氧化的关系  

Relationship between Membrane Damage and Lipid Peroxidation in Crop Leaves Induced by Drought

作　　者：顾继杰[1] 陈富裕[1] 郑荣梁 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》1996年第2期90-94,共5页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金;兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室开放基金

摘　　要：聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）根际胁迫和自然干旱胁迫都使小麦、玉米和大豆幼苗叶片的膜透性增加、膜脂过氧化程度下降．ＰＥＧ胁迫下抗氧化酶活性也发生变化，中度胁迫（相对含水量下降１０％～２０％）时，小麦的超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）活性上升，而过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性下降：玉米ＳＯＤ活性没有变化．ＰＯＤ活性显著上升．ＣＡＴ活性显著下降；蚕豆的ＰＯＤ活性无变化，ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活性下降，重度胁迫（相对含水量下降大于２０％）时，３种作物幼苗叶片的３种酶活性均显著下降，但是无论中度还是重度胁迫均显著增强脂溶性抗氧化力．The polyethylene glycol (PEG) osmotic stress (-0 2,-0 3 and -4 0 MPa) and natural drought (1,2 or 3 days) increased the membrane permeability, while the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) decreased in wheat, maize and broadbean. The changes in antioxidative enzymatic activities under PEG osmotic stress were as follows: Under a moderate stress (relative water content decreased for 10 20%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) increased, and catalase (CAT) decreased in wheat; SOD did not change, POD increased significantly and CAT decreased significantly in maize; POD did not change but SOD and CAT decreased in broadbean. Under a severe stress (relative water content decreased more than 20%), the activities of all three enzymes in all three crops decreased significantly. Both moderate and severe stresses caused an increase in lipid soluble antioxdative activities.

关 键 词：干旱 膜脂过氧化 膜损伤 作物 SOD POD 

分 类 号：S432.33[农业科学—植物病理学]