灌溉方式对土壤中水分运动影响的模拟研究  

Numerical simulation of the effect of irrigation method on soil water movement in greenhouse

作　　者：沈明卫[1] 郝飞麟 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业生物环境工程研究所,浙江杭州310029 [2]中国空分设备公司环境与公用工程部,浙江杭州310004

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2006年第2期186-190,共5页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(M303436)

摘　　要：在温室生产中,作物需要的水分主要依靠滴灌和喷灌方式供给,为了解在不同灌溉方式下土壤中水分运动的规律,以Navier-Stokes方程为框架、运用CFX流体动力学分析软件对滴灌和喷灌方式下水分运动情况进行了三维稳态模拟,模拟中设单位时间内供水量相同.模拟结果显示:灌溉方式对土壤中水分运动和分布有重要作用.在滴灌下,水分主要集中在作物根系区域,水分利用效率高.土壤水分呈近球状分布,随着灌溉时间的增加,球形边界逐渐模糊并向土壤深层延伸.在喷灌下,土壤水分一层层向下渗透,水分含量呈从上往下逐步递减,在每一层中的水分含量相对均一,在相同灌溉量下水分接触土壤量比滴灌时少.In greenhouse crop production, water required is supplied mainly through drip and spray irrigation. Based on Navier-Stockes equation, the Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD） software CFX was adopted to simulate the soil water movement under conditions of different irrigation methods. The rate of water supply was set at the same level. The result shows that the way of irrigation had an important effect on soil water movement and distribution. In the case of drip irrigation, soil water mostly concentrates in the rhizosphere of the crop, where the water utilization efficiency was relatively high. The form of water contacted area approximated sphericity and the shape of the sphere tended to blur and stretch to the deep soil layer in the inereaing time of continued irrigation. In the case of spray irrigation, soil water infiltrated from one layer to another, the water content in each soil layer was basically similar. Water was evenly distributed and the water would occupy much less soil volume at the same rate of irrigation, and more water was needed to meet the crop water requirement compared with drip irrigation.

关 键 词：灌溉方式 水分运动模拟 温室土壤 

分 类 号：S625[农业科学—园艺学]