羽毛球运动员的反应时与竞技能力  

Reaction Time and Competitive Ability of Badminton Players

作　　者：程勇民 王跃平 梁承谋[3] 

机构地区：[1]广州市体育科研所,广东广州510620 [2]浙江省羽毛球队,浙江杭州310004 [3]北京体育大学心理学教研室,北京100084

出　　处：《浙江体育科学》2006年第2期60-63,共4页Zhejiang Sport Science

摘　　要：反应时是研究运动员心理特征的重要指标,然而以往研究结果并不一致。通过采用自编程序的微机视觉反应时测验,以不同反应时与竞技能力的相关差异,探讨影响竞技能力的神经机制。反应时测试有简单反应时、复杂反应时二刺激、辨别反应时二刺激、复杂反应时四刺激和翻转反应时四刺激。46名男队员和61名女队员按成绩分成优秀和一般两组,结果发现:简单反应时复杂反应四刺激和翻转反应四刺激指标在不同水平男女运动员中均表现出显著性差异,而简单反应时不显著。翻转反应时在不同水平羽毛球运动员之间差异效果量为最大。结果提示:羽毛球运动员的竞技能力不仅与信息加工速度有关,还与信息复杂程度有关,优秀羽毛球运动员加工复杂信息更具优势,灵活的神经转换机制可能是影响羽毛球运动员竞技能力的中央机制之一。Reaction time was considered correlative closely with competitive ability of badminton player. However, the resuits of previous study were not coincident. The purpose of this paper was to examine the central mechanism of the player＇ s competitive ability by the relationship between competitive ability and the different reaction time,RT test consisted simple RT, two stimulation selection RT, two stimulation identification RT, four stimulation selection RT, and four stimulation reversal RT. 46 male and 61 female badminton players aged between 15-17 years enrolled in this study. Participants were assigned to excellent and generic groups by their performance. The results show that four stimulation selective RT and four stimulation reversal RT are significantly different across groups, while the simple RT not. it is suggested that the competitive ability of badminton player be not only correlative with speed of information processing but also correlative with complex scale of information. The excellent players have the advantage of complex information processing. The agile nerve conversion mechanism may be one of the central mechanism of the player＇s competitive ability.

关 键 词：反应时 信息量 神经机制 竞技能力 

分 类 号：G804.86[文化科学—运动人体科学]