大白菜与结球甘蓝杂交获得异源三倍体及其生殖特性的研究  

Allotriploid Hybrids Obtained from Interspecific Hybridization between Chinese Cabbage and Cabbage and the Preliminary Research on Reproductive Characters

作　　者：顾爱侠[1] 申书兴[1] 陈雪平[1] 张成合[1] 李晓峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,保定071001

出　　处：《园艺学报》2006年第1期73-77,共5页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(C2005000222)

摘　　要：为创制大白菜—结球甘蓝异附加系、异代换系、易位系,利用四倍体大白菜(AAAA,2n=4x=40)为母本与二倍体结球甘蓝(CC,2n=2x=18)杂交,采用蕾期去雄授粉、子房培养结合胚珠培养的方法,获得了异源三倍体(2n=3x=29,AAC)杂交后代。该杂交种总体形态偏近于大白菜,但生长势极强,株高(开花期)2 m;花粉整齐度、花粉生活力都明显低于二倍体大白菜;减数分裂行为复杂,终变期除二价体和单价体外,还有三价体等联会形式;与二倍体大白菜回交的平均结籽率为3.19%。Allotriploid hybrids （2n = 3x = 29, AAC） were produced by crossing tetraploid Chinese cabbage （Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis AAAA, 2n = 4x = 40 ） and diploid cabbage （ B. oleracea var. capitata L. CC, 2n = 2x = 18） using overy and ovule culture method, which will be used for constructing Chinese cabbage-cabbage addition lines, substitution lines and translocation lines. The allotriploid hybrids were similiar in morphological characters to Chinese cabbage, however the growth vigor was strong elongated quickly up to a height of about 2 m at flowering stage. And the pollen regularity and brids were lower than that of diploid Chinese cabbage. The occurrence of diverse chromosome and the stem activity of hyassociations at diakinesis such as trivalent, bivalent and univalent suggested that the pollen-mother-cell＇s meiotic chromosome behavior of hybrids was complicated. The mean seed set derived from backcrossing by hybrids and diploid Chinese cabbage was 3.19%.

关 键 词：大白菜 结球甘蓝 种间杂交 离体培养 生殖特性 

分 类 号：S634.1[农业科学—蔬菜学] S635.1[农业科学—园艺学]