近30年南极海冰的变化特征  

VARIATION OF ANTARCTIC SEA ICE IN THE LATEST 30 YEARS

作　　者：卞林根[1] 林学椿[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]国家气候中心,中国气象局北京100081

出　　处：《极地研究》2005年第4期233-244,共12页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40575033)资助项目

摘　　要：采用NCEP的1973—2002年南极海冰密集度资料,对近30年南极海冰冰密集度的季节变化、年际变化及其与南极海冰涛动指数的长期变化关系进行了分析研究。结果表明,南极海冰的季节变化特点是海冰融化速度远大于凝结速度,而北极海冰融化速度与凝结速度基本相同。南极海冰存在着明显的年际变化,海冰面积指数呈增加趋势,年平均倾向率为28/10a。而北极海冰年际变化则相反,呈减少趋势,年平均面积指数的倾向率-3.5/10a。南极海冰涛动指数能代表南极地区近1/3的海水变化,是南极海冰变化的重要指数,具有10年、3—5年和2年左右的准振荡周期。By using the NCEP data of ice concentration from 1973-2002, seasonal and interannual variation of Antarctic sea ice concentration, as well as its relationship with Antarctic Sea ice Oscillation Index in the latest 30 years are studied . It is indicated that characteristic of the seasonal variation of Antarctic sea ice is that the coagulated period is longer than the thaw period. But Arctic sea ice coagulated period is the same as thaw pe riodof sea ice basically. Second, there are clearly interannual change of Antarctic sea ice, and its area index appears uptrend with the trend rate of 28/10a. But Arctic sea ice area index is decrease and its trend rate is -3.5/10a. Third, Antarctic Sea-ice Oscillation index is a important parameter in the variation of Antarctic sea ice which is able to represent sea ice area change of 1/3 approximately with the oscillations cycle of 10 years, 3-5 years and 2 years.

关 键 词：极冰 南极海冰涛动 气候变化 

分 类 号：P731.15[天文地球—海洋科学]