长江中下游Venlo型温室番茄蒸腾模拟研究  

Simulation of greenhouse tomato canopy transpiration in Yang tze River Delta

作　　者：戴剑锋[1] 金亮[1] 罗卫红[1] 倪纪恒[1] 李永秀[1] 袁昌梅[1] 徐刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农学院,南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院园艺作物研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2006年第3期99-103,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(60073028);国家"十五"863计划项目(2001AA247023)

摘　　要：该文针对目前国际上计算作物蒸腾速率的通用Penman-Monteith方程(P-M方程)存在的所需参数即作物叶片气孔阻抗不易获取的问题,首先通过春季和冬季Venlo型温室小气候和番茄(LycopersiconesculentumMill.)叶片气孔阻抗以及植株蒸腾量的实验观测,分析并量化番茄叶片气孔阻抗与温室小气候因子之间的关系。然后将其与P-M方程结合,模拟计算了春冬两季温室内番茄作物的累积蒸腾量,并用实测植株蒸腾量检验了模拟的效果。结果表明,在长江中下游地区的春季,两个供试番茄品种叶片气孔阻抗rs与光合有效辐射PAR的关系为11205/(5.28+PAR)。将该函数关系与P-M方程相结合模拟计算的春冬两季温室内番茄的蒸腾量与实测值的吻合度较高。春季番茄蒸腾量模拟值与实测值之间的决定系数为0.97,标准误为5.50mm,冬季番茄蒸腾量的模拟值与实测值之间的决定系数为0.99,标准误为1.21mm。本研究建立的番茄叶片气孔阻抗与太阳辐射的定量关系,解决了在长江中下游地区用P-M方程计算番茄蒸腾速率时所需模型参数(叶片气孔阻抗值)难以获取的困难,为P-M方程在温室番茄水分管理中的实际应用奠定了基础。To investigate the relationship between greenhouse tomato （Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ） leaf stomatal resistance and greenhouse microclimate factors and the possibility to use the Penman-Monteith equation to simulate greenhouse tomato transpiration under subtropical climate conditions, experiments with two varieties were carried out in a Venlo type greenhouse in Nanjing （118°E, 32°N） during spring and winter season in 2003-2004. The results showed that the relationship between leaf stomatal resistance r, and PAR （photosynthetically active radiation） follows the same function （rs = 11205/（5.28 ＋ PAR）） for both tomato varieties. The combina tion of the rs- PAR function with the P-M equation gives satisfactory estimation of greenhouse tomato transpiration during both spring and winter season. The correlation determination coefficient （R2） and standard error （SE） between the simulated and measured accumulated tomato transpiration based on the 1 ： 1 line are 0.97 and 5.50 ram, respectively, for spring season and 0. 99 and 1.21 ram, respectively, for winter season. The quantitative relationship between tomato leaf stomatal resistance and PAR determined in this study provides a solution for the problem of stomatal resistance estimation when using P-M equation to simulate greenhouse tomato transpiration rate in Yangtze River Delta and enhances the applicability of the P-M equation to greenhouse tomato water management practices.

关 键 词：温室 番茄 蒸腾 气孔阻抗 

分 类 号：S625.51[农业科学—园艺学]