施氮对蓝茎冰草种子产量及产量组分的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application on Seed Yield and Yield Components of Agropyron smithii

作　　者：孙铁军[1] 李艳梅 韩建国[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京草业与环境研究发展中心,北京100089 [2]北京市盲人学校,北京100089 [3]中国农业大学草地研究所农业部草地植被恢复与重建重点开放实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2006年第2期33-38,共6页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：北京市科技新星计划(B类)(2005B02);草业科学北京市重点实验室开放基金(200401)资助

摘　　要：以蓝茎冰草为实验材料,经过2年研究表明:随着施氮量增加,蓝茎冰草种子产量增加;同一施氮量下,秋春分施氮肥处理的种子产量高于春季1次施氮处理,其中秋施45 kgN/hm2、春施90 kgN/hm2时,种子产量最高,达341.4 kg/hm2;单位面积生殖枝数是影响蓝茎冰草种子产量的主要组分,其生殖枝主要由上年果后短营养枝转化;连续2年施氮使单位面积生殖枝数显著增加,秋施45 kgN/hm2、春施90 kgN/hm2时,生殖枝数/m2最多,达232.3枝;秋施90 kgN/hm2、春施90 kgN/hm2时,小穗数/生殖枝与种子千粒重最高,为11.2个和4.857g。The experiments of nitrogen （N） application were conducted with Agropyron smithii to study the effect of nitrogen application on seed yield and yield components of Agropyron smithii in 2002 and 2003. Seed yield of Agropyron smithii was improved significantly with increase of N application rate. In the same amount of N application, seed yield when applying N in autumn and spring was higher than that only in spring, and the highest was 341.4kg/hm^2 at application rate of 45kgN/hm^2 in autumn and 90 kgN/hm^2 in spring. The number of fertile tillers per unit area was the most important for seed yield in all the yield components, and they developed mainly from short vegetative shoots after fruit last year. Fertile tillers/m^2 increased after applying N for two years and the highest was 232.3 at the application rate of 45kgN/hm^2 in autumn and 90 kgN/hm^2 in spring. Spikelets/fertile tiller and thousand-seed weight were 11.2 and 4. 857 g at the application rate of 90kgN/hm^2 in autumn and 90 kgN/hm^2 in spring.

关 键 词：蓝茎冰草 种子产量 生殖枝 施氮 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S562.01