鹅观草属4个种的核型与进化  

Karyotypic and evolution variations of four species in Roegneria

作　　者：曹刚[1] 周永红[1] 张海琴[1] 康厚扬[1] 邓小锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学小麦研究所,都江堰611830

出　　处：《植物研究》2006年第2期141-146,共6页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270099和30470135);四川省教育厅;科技厅项目资助

摘　　要：报道了4个种鹅观草属(RoegneriaC.Koch)植物的核型,其核型公式如下:芒颖鹅观草(R.aristiglum isKeng et S.L.Chen),2n=4x=28=22m+6sm(2SAT);短颖鹅观草(R.breviglu-m isKeng),2n=4x=28=20m(2SAT)+8sm;红原鹅观草(R.hongyuanensisL.B.Cai),2n=4x=28=22m+6sm(2SAT);山东鹅观草(R.shandongensis(B.Salomon)J.L.Yang,Y.H.Zhou etYen),2n=4x=28=24m(2SAT)+4sm。同时对染色体主要特征的演变规律进行了分析,揭示了鹅观草属4个种的相对进化程度以及宏观分类中2个组的系统发育关系,表明鹅观草属的半颖组在系统发育中派生了颖体短小的小颖组。Karyotypes of four Roegneria species, R. aristiglumis Keng et S. L. Chen, R. breviglumis Keng, R. hongyuanensis L. B. Cai, and R. shandongensis （B. Salomon） J. L. Yang, Y. H. Zhou et Yen, were reported. The karyotype formulae of R. aristiglumis, R. breviglumis, R. hongyuanensis, R. shandongensis are 2n =4x =28 =22m ＋6sm（2SAT）, 2n =4x =28 =20m（2SAT） ＋8sm, 2n =4x =28 =22m ＋6sm （2SAT）, 2n =4x = 28 = 24m（2SAT） ＋ 4sm, respectively. The advance indexes which can reflect the evolutional levels of the four species were summarized. The phylogenetic relationships of the two sections in the macroscopic classification were enunciated. The results show that R. shandongensis is the most primitive, R. breviglumis is the most evolutive among the four species; and the Sect. Goulardia （Husnot） L. B. Cai might produce the Sect. Roegneria in the phylogenetic process of Roegneria C. Koch.

关 键 词：鹅观草属 核型 进化 

分 类 号：Q949.714.2[生物学—植物学] S512.6[农业科学—作物学]