基于故障树模型的燃料电池安全性评价  

Security performance assessment of fuel cells by fault tree analysis

作　　者：赵奕磊[1] 毛宗强[1] 奚树人[1] 吴中旺[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第3期425-428,433,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

摘　　要：安全性是质子交换膜燃料电池的重要指标,而燃料电池最大的安全问题是质子交换膜超压破裂造成火灾或爆炸。实验构建了5 kW氢空质子交换膜燃料电池发电系统,用故障树方法对电池堆系统发生膜破裂造成火灾或爆炸等事故进行了概率评价,质子交换膜超压破裂氢气体积分数达到4.1%发生氢气火灾或爆炸的频率是4.744×1-0 6次/a,评价结果表明这个风险是可以接受的,完全满足此实验系统安全性要求。此结果可以作为论证燃料电池系统安全性的依据之一。Security must be a key consideration in proton exchange membrane fuel cell designs. The main safety problem with fuel cells is fires or explosions caused by a membrane rupture. The probability of fires or explosions caused by membrane rupture in a 5 kW proton exchange membrane fuel cell was evaluated using the fault tree method. The probability is found to be 4. 744 × 10^-6/a with a hydrogen volumetric fraction of 4.1%. The fault tree result shows that the risk is sufficiently low and the fuel cell system is safe.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 安全可靠性 故障树 

分 类 号：TM911.48[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]