新疆呼图壁种牛场地区囊果碱蓬及其群落的生物生态学特性研究  

RESEARCH ON BIOECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SUAEDA PHYSOPHORA AND ITS COMMUNITY AT THE HUTUBI CATTLE FARM AREA OF XINJIANG,CHINA

作　　者：孔令韶[1] 马茂华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1996年第6期475-482,共8页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：在研究地区 ,囊果碱蓬 (Suaeda physophora)分布在表层 (0～ 2 0 cm)盐分含量为 3.0 %～ 6.0 %的盐土上。囊果碱蓬群落为多汁木本盐柴类荒漠中的一个群系 ,本区记载有 9个群丛。群落总覆盖度为 6%～ 2 5% ,种类组成稀少 ,群落结构简单。囊果碱蓬株高 45～ 60 cm;当年生小枝长 1 2 cm;叶肉汁、条形。侧根发达 ,主要分布在由表层往下土壤中的盐分含量大量减少、水分含量大幅度增加的 2 0～ 60 cm的土壤层内。以冠幅 (长以 X1 表示 ,宽以 X2 表示 )和高 (以 X3 表示 )为参数建立了单株地上部分生物量多元回归模型为 :Y=31 2 .0 0 +3.44X1 +4.85X2 - 2 .1 6X3 。囊果碱蓬叶有较高的 Na、S含量 ,Na含量高达91 2 55μg· g-1 (9.1 2 6% )。植物不同部位元素含量不同 ,叶和花穗中 K、Na、Mg、S和 P含量最高 ,老枝中含量最低。嫩枝叶水浸出液的盐分含量为 2 3.1 7% ,高于花穗和老枝。植物不同生长季节 。Suaeda physophora was distributed on the saline soil with a salt contents 3.0%～6.0% in the surface layer(0～20 cm underground).The plant height was 45～60 cm and the average length of the one year twig was 12 cm.The succulent leave was strip shaped.The well developed lateral roots was distributed in the deeper soil (20～60 cm) with decreased salt contents and increased water content.The multiregression model for individual plant's aboveground biomass was:Y=312.00+3.44X 1+4.85X 2-2.16X 3(X 1, length;X 2, width;X 3, height).The contents of Na,S and K in leave of S.physophora were very high.That of Na was 91255 μg·g -1 .The element contents varied in the different parts of plant.K,Na,Mg,S and P contents were the highest respectively in the leaf and ear of flower,but they were the lowest in the old twig.Total salt content of water extracts from tender twig and leaf was 23.17%,being more than in ear of flower and old twig.The element and salt contents varied in different seasons of plant growth.The S.physophora community was a formation on the succulent halophytic dwarf sub shrub desert.Nine associations were recorded at this area.The coverage of community was 6%～25%.

关 键 词：囊果碱蓬 新疆呼图壁 生物生态学特性 

分 类 号：Q949.408[生物学—植物学]